Variation in the Price and Supj)hj of Wlieai. 
227 
cheese called "Parmesan" in England, but licrc known as "Giana," and 
made in Lower Lonibardy only, is calculated as amounting to about 14,7G0 
tons per annum, of a value of from 800,000?. to 880,000/. A considerable 
quantity of butter, estimated at about 14,700 tons, of a value of nearly 
1,000,000/.* is also made in I>ower Lombardy. 
According to the Government Official llt'[!ort of 18')4-, tlic export of cheese 
from the whole kingdom of Italy amounted only to 3393 tons, of the value of 
about 160,000/., while the importation of the same ariicle amounted to 49(3G 
tons, of a value of 220,000/. 
Exports and Imports. — Rice is the only cereal of her own production 
exported by Lombardy, with the exception of a small quantity of wheat 
supplied to the neighbouring canton Ticino in Switzerland. The province of 
Mantua, now united with the kingdom of Italy, also occasionally sends a little 
wheat, via Venice, to Trieste. 
There is no importation of gi-ain into Lombard}'. 
Report by Mr. Vice-Consul Gaggiotti, on the Trade and Commerce 
OF Ancona, for the Yeaii 18G7. — The crop of wheat has been abundant; 
Indian com scarce. Of the r^colte of 1865 nothing hardly remained at the 
commencement of 1866. This year's crop of wheat found buyers, at the be- 
ginning of the season, at very moderate prices, say about 40s. per qnai'ter ; but 
the prices ascended to 44s. per quarter in consequence of Government requiring 
supi)lies for the military. Commissions received from Englan 1 caused the 
prices to increase to 50s. per quarter. In addition to commissions from Eng- 
land, others were received from the Roman Government, thus causing wheat 
to increase to 65s. per quarter, and the price is still stationary. 
Indian corn was not sought for. Prices gradually increased to 35s. per 
quarter. 
The exportation of grain this year is close upon 8000 quarters. 
No exportation of Indian corn has taken place, the small quantity that 
existed being required for home consumption. 
Beans also have been scarce, but the crop has always been limited; the 
people not making great use of them, and none being exported. The prices for 
beans have almost always been stationary, say 34s. per quarter. 
French beans have also been scarce, and the prices were 10 per cent, above 
those of 1865. The prices realised have been 20 francs the hectolitre (48s. 
the quarter). 
VENICE, 1867.— It was considered that the use of sulphur in 1865 had 
exterminated the vine disease; the following year it was discontinued to save 
expense, and the destrucdon of a great part of the grape crop was the result. 
The disease which destroys the silk-worm is attributed to local causes ; 
either to the atmosphere or to the mulberry-tree, since the eg^s produced from 
worms of the Japan breed are subject to the disease as well as indigenous eggs. 
The Venetian provinces produce wheat and Indian corn, and sometimes 
export them. 
_ GENOA, 1867. — This district produces little but oil, wine, and vegetables. 
Ihe manufacture of vermicelli and maccaroni increases very much ; great 
trouble is taken to suit the English taste. 
NAPLES, 1867. — The olive crop of Calabria, as elsewhere, is a precarious 
one; the produce of oil in 1866 was deficient. The silk crop was the worst 
ever known. The disease began its ravages in 1853, and since that time there 
has been a yearly diminution of produce. The little silk that is produced is 
from Japan " seed " (eggs). Besides wheat and maize, madder and liquorice 
are among the field crops of this part of Italy. 
* The estimate of the value of butter mav be somewhat high. 
Q 2 
