Easthurn Farm, near Driffield, Yorlishire. 
411 
Artificial Manures and Oilcake. — The annual expcntliture on 
linseed cake and other artificial food is about 1000/.; for 
fertilizing materials there are annually bought (1) dressing for 300 
ncres of roots, at, say, two guineas per acre, 630Z. ; and (2) top- 
dressing for corn on the gravelly light land about 200Z., making 
a total of 2430Z. In addition to this a large quantity of lime 
(the Grimston or Knottingley being preferred) is annually used 
at a cost of about \0s. per ton, including leading. 
HOKSES. 
A rather light active description of cart-horse is employed, 
and a sufficient number of horses are bred on the farm to 
replace those which annually die off, or become unfit for their 
work ; but horse-breeding as a source of profit has not been 
pursued. About 36 cart-horses are usually kept, and they are 
worked in pairs by yoking abreast, being also kept in pairs in 
the stables. The Wold carter is easily roused to eloquence on 
the subject of the mental and physical advantages of keeping 
two horses together. 
In winter the fodder consists of chaff with 2 pecks of oats per 
<lay ; and in the spring and autumn seed-times, and when the 
work is harder than usual, a small quantity of Indian meal or 
split beans Is given in addition. During the summer less corn 
is given, but tares are allowed to the horses In the foldj ards ; 
and they are partially kept out on the pastures. 
The manual labour connected with the horses Is verv 
methodically arranged. The 36 horses are equally divided 
between the Warren and the Eastburn homesteads, and the hind 
who lives at each place boards 6 lads who look after their 
18 horses, the hind giving out the corn. These lads, during 
spring and summer, get up at half-past 4, and In winter at 5, 
<lo the horses, give them a little corn, and find employment 
in the stable until 20 nilnutes past 5 ; they then go to breakfast, 
■which occupies half-an-hour, leaving 10 minutes to enable them 
to get into the fields by 6. At noon they come in with the 
horses and get their dinners, being out in the fields again at 1. 
Work continues from 1 until G, when the horses are brought 
into the stable and done up, the lads leaving for supper at a 
<|uarter to 7 ; and at 8 they return to the stable to finish for 
the night 
Cattle, 
The cattle are principally bought in as young short-horn 
steers, and kept from 9 to 12 months ; but in addition a herd 
•of about 20 pedigree cows and heifers are kept on the farm. 
