The Lodge Farm, Castle Acre, Norfolk. 
467 
After sowing, the land is harrowed twice over, but seeds are not 
sown on the barley in this course. Barley is weeded in June by 
women, at from Ad. to bd. per acre. 
The crop is mowed with a Burgess and Key's machine ; it is 
collected with gathering-forks, the land being raked between the 
heaps ; and the corn is afterwards pitched, loaded, and stacked, 
barley being neither sheafed nor shocked. 
Harvesting white crops is generally done by gangs of men 
who engage for the harvest. Mr. Hudson hires twenty-seven men 
annually to harvest the white crops, on a farm comprising about 
800 acres of arable-land. These men are divided into three 
companies of nine men each, namely, two loaders, two forks, and 
five at the stacks. These men get about 6/. 10s. each for about 
three weeks' harvest-work, including trimming the stacks, putting^ 
up the implements, and clearing up generally. 
Oats are seldom or never grown as a white crop, but their 
place in the rotation would be instead of barley in the course 
just described. 
3. Roots. — The 160 acres devoted to this course are generally 
subdivided as follows : — 15 acres white tankard turnips, lOO 
acres swedes, 15 acres green round turnips, and 30 acres man- 
golds. 
(a.) Turnips and Sioedes. — The barley - stubble is forked 
over in the same manner as already described in the case of 
wheat-stubble. After wheat-sowing is finished it is ploughed 
6 inches deep ; it lies all the winter, and, as soon as barley- 
sowing is finished, it is again ploughed — across the previous 
furrows ; subsequently it is scarified and harrowed as may be 
required. In May the land is ploughed again, and ridged in the 
beginning of June, eight loads of farmyard-manure per acre being 
put in the ridges. Just before sowing, a dressing of 3^ cwts. 
of superphosphate, and IJ cwt. of ground rape-cake, mixed 
together, is drilled on the ridges ; and immediately upon this, 
4 lbs. per acre of turnip-seed is drilled with a small seed-drill. 
All the turnip-seed is sown on the ridge except a small quantity 
in the autumn, which is sown on the flat. 
White tankard turnips are sown for September and October 
feeding, Hudson's swede (a kind of purple top) for winter use, 
and green round turnips are sown in autumn after tares (which 
are sown on barley-stubble after wheat) for use in the spring. 
As the turnips come up they are first horse-hoed, then cut out 
to 11 inches apart, at a cost of 2s. per acre, being singled by 
a gang of women at Is. 6d per acre. After singling they are 
horse-hoed again, and finally, each plant is hoed round — an 
operation which is locally termed " scouring." 
The swedes are pulled when ready, and six drills of them are 
