The Lodge Farm, Castle Acre, Norfolk. 
469 
weeks, when it is again ploughed and afterwards sown with green 
round turnips, and treated as ordinary turnip-land. 
(c.) Mangolds. — The 30 or 40 acres of mangolds usually grown 
are sown on the strongest and best land available in the shift. 
The land is ploughed and otherwise prepared in the winter, and 
ridged about the middle of April, when ten three-horse loads of 
farmyard manure per acre are put in the ridges, and covered 
with from 2 to 3 cwts, per acre of guano ; the ridges are after- 
wards closed up by a double-breast plough, and drilled with 
7 lbs. per acre, generally of long yellow and long red ; globe 
mangolds being grown only on the very best land. Since steam- 
cultivation has been adopted the land for mangolds has been 
tilled in the autumn to the depth of 8 or 9 inches, and the seed 
has generally been got in earlier than formerly, from which great 
benefit has been derived. 
The plants are first horse-hoed, then cut out with a 14-inch 
hoe at a cost of 2s. per acre, and singled, in the same manner 
as turnips, for Is. 6rf. per acre, after which they are horse-hoed 
again. 
The mangolds are taken up the last week in October or the 
first week in November, topped, but not tailed, and put into 
*' clamps " 6 feet wide at the bottom, and coming to a ridge at a 
height of 4 feet from the base. They are covered with a thick 
gavel of straw, and afterwards with about 4 inches of mould. 
The ridge is left open for about a fortnight, after which it is 
entirely closed. Pulling, topping, loading, and stacking, cost 
altogether from 65. 6rf. to Is. per acre according to the crop. 
Mangolds are chiefly given to the feeding beasts in the fold- 
yards, commencing in January or February ; these also getting 
from 10 to 12 lbs. of cake per day, with cut hay or straw ; and a 
few are also used in the spring for fat sheep after the swedes are 
finished. Mangolds are always sliced with the turnip-cutter. 
4. Barley. — After the turnips are fed off the land is ploughed, 
and then allowed to remain untouched until the middle of 
February, when it is harrowed, ploughed again, and drilled with 
three bushels per acre of Golden Melon barley. It is then laid 
down with 20 lbs. per acre of small seeds. The harvesting and 
other operations connected with barley have already been 
described in treating of barley after wheat. 
5. Seeds. — Half the barley of the above course is laid down 
with 14 lbs. of trefoil and 6 lbs. of white Dutch per acre for 
summer feeding, and the other half with 20 lbs. of cow-grass per 
acre for mowing. After sowing the land is harrowed, and, 
as soon as the barley is sufficiently strong, it is gone over with 
a one-horse roller. 
The cow-grass, of which there would be about 80 acres, is 
