482 
Fai-m Beports. 
per acre of Grace's white wheat, is got in the first week in 
December. 
2. Winter Beans, or Earhj Peas, followed hy Rape and Turnips, 
(a.) Winter Beans. — The wheat stubble receives one steam 
ploughing soon after harvest, and in the middle of October 
2 bushels of seed per acre are sown in double rows, that is to 
saj, the rows are alternately 10 and 30 inches apart. No fold- 
yard manure is given on the light land, as large quantities of 
chaff, with pulped roots, are given to the sheep feeding off the 
catch-crops ; in this manner a large proportion of the straw is. 
consumed on the land, and thus directly applied to it, instead of 
being trodden in the foldyards. Early in spring the wide 
furrows get three or four horse-hoeings, the narrow ones being" 
similarly cleaned by hand at a cost of 45. per acre for hoeing 
twice. The beans are sown in " double rows," because by that 
means it is possible to horse-hoe them longer, and get a better 
tilth for the rape and turnips than if done in the ordinary way. 
(a) Rape and Turnips upon Winter Beans. — Immediately 
before the last horse-hoeing, namely, about the middle of May, 
about 3 lbs. of rape and lib. of green round turnip are sown per 
acre with 3 cwt. of superphosphate. These seeds come up, but 
make little progress until after the beans are cut, which is 
generally about the last week in July, after which they make a 
start. About the latter end of August they are hoed once if 
labour can be spared ; and about the last week in October they 
are begun to be fed off either by lambs or older feeding sheep, 
with the chaff and pulped roots as already stated. 
(6.) Early Peas. — The land is prepared in precisely the same 
manner as for winter beans, and as early as possible in the spring 
the seed, consisting of 3J bushels per acre, is drilled in rows 
10 inches apart. When ready the peas are hoed twice, either by 
horse or, preferably, by hand. They are cut either with the 
scythe or the hook at the rate of 4s. 6c?. per acre, about the middle 
or end of July, when the land is immediately prepared for the 
succeeding crop of rape and turnips. 
Rape and Turnips after Early Peas. — As soon as the 
peas are off, the land is steam-cultivated once, and ploughed if 
necessary ; and the same mixture of rape, turnips, and manure is 
drilled as in the previous case («), the crop then coming in soon 
enough for the sheep to come on it after they have finished (a), 
the rape and turnips upon winter beans. 
3. This course consists either of (a) wheat following rape and 
turnips on winter beans, or of (h) barley following rape and 
turnips after early peas. The wheat has already been disposed 
of, so it will be as well to describe the barley tillage first, and 
then the mode of obtaining the catch-crops in this course. 
