48C 
Farm Reports. 
mixed together. In spring' the yards are cleared out, and the 
manure is carted to the nearest point where it may be required 
for use, the practice being, within certain limits, to use farmyard 
manure by preference on the home portions of the farm, and 
artificials on the outlying fields. The carts tip the manure, 
are drawn over the heap, and return over what they have just 
brought, so as to consolidate the heap. Between hay-making 
and harvest the manure has one turning ; and immediately after 
harvest all the available force on the farm is used to put it on 
the stubbles in readiness for steam-ploughing. 
Labour. 
Day labourers get lis. per week and no privileges ; but they 
are employed on piece-work about one-half their time ; and 
boys of different ages are employed at from A.d. to Is. per 
diem. 
Shepherds and carters have good cottages and gardens in addi- 
tion to their wages ; engine-drivers get 1/. Is. per week. 
Seven pairs of these cottages have been built on the Pitchill 
Farm, at a cost of about 180/. per pair; they contain good 
kitchen and every requisite convenience, some of them have 
two and others three bed-rooms. 
For the last 20 years six Irishmen have come every spring, and 
have been hired for the season, generally remaining until Novem- 
ber or December, the same men coming every year. They do 
the hoeing of turnips and other roots at the prices already given, 
as well as the harvesting and storing of both white and green 
crops, besides dung-carting, and any other work which may be 
required. A carpenter and a blacksmith are also continuously 
employed on the farm, the latter doing most of the repairs to 
the steam-tackle. 
Steam-Cultivation. 
Mr. Bom ford's use of steam-cultivating machinery was de- 
scribed by Mr. John Algernon Clarke in this Journal * more 
than two years ago, so that, although this is the prominent 
feature of Mr, Bomford's farming, it is unnecessary to travel 
again over ground already so thoroughly explored. All that I 
have to do is to mention the points on which Mr. Bomford's prac- 
tice now differs from what it was at the time when that Report 
was written. 
At the date of that Report Mr. Bomford farmed 1200 acres, 
of which 900 were arable; he now occupies 1360 acres, of 
which 1020 are arable. He now effects a saving of 20 horses, 
* 2nd Series, vol. iii., pp. 272-27C. 
