49G 
Farm Reports. 
four miles from Salisbury, and half a mile from Wilton, and the 
western margin is a little more than a mile from Barford St. 
Martin. The two farms measure 1)55 acres, about 750 of which 
are arable land, 106 water-meadow, 70 pasture, and the remainder 
orchards, &c. The Ugford farm occupies the strip of land on 
the northern side of the valley, and consists of 320 acres of 
arable land. Bui bridge, on the opposite side of the river, con- 
tains 434 acres of land under tillage. 
Tlie soils require very brief description, as they rest almost 
entirely on chalk ; they may, indeed, be regarded as thin chalky 
soils, especially thin and chalky on the higher land, and graduat- 
ing into deeper and richer soil, of an alluvial character, towards 
the water-meadows in the lower ground. At Ugford there are, 
however, some exceptional patches of trifling extent, which con- 
sist of stronger and better land resting on tertiary outliers, as 
shown in the map. 
The fences need not be particularly described, for the arable 
land is both enclosed and subdivided by hurdles and wattle- 
fencing, costing about 60/. per annum for repairs and renewal. 
The only live fences on the farm are those which divide and 
surround the pastures and meadows. 
Out of 750 acres of arable land scarcely more than 400 are 
annually devoted entirely to green crops, in addition to the 100 
acres of water-meadow and 31 acres of available pasture. The 
remaining 30 acres of pasture, being covered with gorse, are of 
little use, and need not be considered. On this land Mr. Raw- 
lence keeps his flock of 876 breeding ewes, besides a few dry 
ones ; and last season he wintered 406 teggs (being 386 ewe- 
teggs, and 20 ram-teggs) and 15 older rams, making altogether 
about 1300 sheep. Last spring at the time of our visit (May) he 
had over a thousand lambs. The number of sheep wintered 
would be immensely increased, and the whole system of farming 
overturned, but for the fact that Mr. Rawlence sells all his 
wethers as lambs in August, and also either sells or lets his ram- 
lambs about the same time. With the trifling exceptions just 
mentioned, the whole of the sheep wintered on the farm are, 
therefore, either breeding ewes or ewe- teggs. In addition to the 
sheep, the farm supports a dairy establishment consisting of 35 
dairy cows, 22 heifers (2 and 3 years old), and 10 yearlings. 
During some portion of the year, however, as we shall presently 
see, certain of the sheep are sent to the Downs, and some of the 
cattle to a park. In consequence of the large number of sheep 
kept on the farms, the white crops are, as a rule, unusually 
heavy for the character of the soil, which is by no means remark- 
able for its natural fertility. 
