502 
Farm Reports. 
twice, and immediately cart-dunged, ploughed, pressed, and 
sown with wheat. The cost of mowing either clover or sain- 
foin is from 2,'?. to 3s. per acre, with the usual allowance of 
cider. 
4. Roots. — Under this head we have a very complicated series 
of crops to describe, as they form part of so many systems. It will 
probably be conducive to clearness if we describe them in the 
following order : — 
(a.) Kape and Turnips after mixed seeds, fed the second year. 
(I).) Swedes after Italian Rye-grass, 
(c.) Swedes after Wheat. 
(d.) Turnips after Green Crop on a Wheat Stubble, 
(e.) Mangolds after Swedes and after Barley, 
(y.) Cabbages instead of Mangolds. 
(«.) Rape and Turnips after Mixed Seeds. — The two-year seeds 
are folded off until about June 20th, and are then cart-dunged 
with from 12 to 15 two-horse loads per acre, and ploughed once; 
the land is then harrowed and drilled with about a sack of dis- 
solved bones mixed with compost, and with 1 lb. of rape, and 
2 lbs. of turnips. When the plants are fit they are horse and 
hand-hoed, and the crop is fed off as soon as ready. 
(/>.) Swedes after Italian Rye-grass. — This course occurs in 
both the four-course shifts, the rye-grass in one cajse having 
been sown on wheat, and in the other on barley. The sheep 
from the water-meadows are folded on the rye-grass, which they 
finish by about the 20th of May. The land is immediately 
afterwards ploughed once, harrowed, and the seed drilled, with 
about one quarter of dissolved bones mixed with about 50 
bushels of compost per acre, in drills 19^ inches apart, Mr, 
Rawlence now drills swedes entirely on the flat, but in former 
days he practised the ridge system. When ready the plants 
are horse-hoed twice, and they also get two hand-hoeings and 
a singling, to about 0 inches apart, at a cost of from 8s. to 
10s. per acre, the singling being done by the hoe. Nearly the 
whole of this crop is fed off on the land, the exception being 
that one-third of the swedes grown on the "Home arable," at 
Bulbridge, are carted off and given to the dairy-stock in the 
yards ; but this quantity docs not amount to more than the 
produce of 3J acres per annum. 
(c.) Swedes after Wheat. — This crop is taken on nearly 20 acres 
every year in the five-field shift on the " Field arable " at Bul- 
bridge. The autumn cultivation of the land commences in 
November, and continues into the winter until the month of 
January. During this period the wheat-stubble is steam-culti- 
vated once or twice, as may be required, and ploughed once. 
