508 Report on the Exhibition of Live Stock at Manchester. 
forms the dressing for 1 acre of swedes or mangolds, or for 
2 acres of common turnips or rape. 
Farmyard manure is put on the land direct from the yards 
whenever it is practicable ; the remainder is drawn into fields 
and carted over. 
Labour. 
All the labour on the farm is done by day-work, with the 
exceptions of steam-cultivating, harvesting, and turnip-hoeing, 
and the total cost of labour on the farm comes to about 30s. per 
acre on the whole extent of the occupation. 
The wages of ordinary labourers are 10s. per week, with a 
free allotment of 10 lug of manured and tilled potato-ground ; 
and they are allowed to rent a cottage and garden at Is. per 
week. Shepherds and carters get 12s. per week, an extra pay- 
ment of 3/. 10s. at Michaelmas, a cottage and garden rent- 
free, and the privilege of buying 10 score of bacon per annum 
at 2s. 6fZ. per score below market price. In addition to this the 
shepherds are allowed 15 lug each of manured and tilled potato- 
ground instead of 10. Under-carters and under-shepherds get 
from 7s. to 9s. per week, with lodgings rent-free, and fuel ; they 
are also paid an additional allowance of about 35s. at Michael- 
mas, and they each have an allotment of 6 lug of potato-ground. 
The wages of boys vary from 2s. Qd. to 5s. per week, with an 
addition of from 5s. to 15s. at Michaelmas. Women are 
employed in weeding and other light work at from 8fZ. to 10c?. 
per diem, getting Is. per day at harvest-work. 
XVII. — Report on the Exhibition of Live Stock at Manchester. 
By W. Wells, M.P., Senior Steward. 
The Exhibition of the Royal Agricultural Society this year 
has been most successful, and worthy of the great city where it 
was held. 
As soon as Manchester, out of several keenly competing 
towns, was fixed upon as the scene of action for 1869, it was 
felt that every effort must be made to render the visit there a 
memorable one. The occasion required it. Not only was it 
to be the first visit to the metropolis of the manufacturing 
districts, but the Society was to come there with his Royal 
Highness the Prince of Wales as its President, while a hope 
Avas entertained, now happily fulfilled, that the Princess of 
Wales would graciously consent to be present also. 
The efforts of the Society were warmly seconded by the Local 
