118 Repoi't on the Trials of Sheaf-Binders 
Fig. 23. — Elevation of T. Hunter's Turnip Topping and Tailing 
Machine. 
provement consists in the form and action of the serrated blades 
by which the leaves are removed. Formerly, each cutter con- 
sisted of one blade placed somewhat diagonally to the line of 
draught. Now, the cutter comprises two blades placed in a 
strong spring frame, the open end being towards the crop ; as 
the bulb approaches the closed end, the jaws are partially opened, 
Fig. 24. — Plan of Hunter's Topping and Tailing Machine. 
and the action of the spring, forcing them back, assists in the 
cutting of the leaves. The saw frames are jointed to the main 
frame in such a way that they rise and fall according to the 
size of the roots, and the blades being fastened to the upper 
face of half-inch guards, the latter ride upon the shoulder of the 
root, and so prevent the saw cutting too low. It is said that a" 
