and Machinery at Bristol. 
143 
Fig. 2. — Messrs. Thomas and Taylor's Prize Patent Self-acting 
Eccentric Chum {No. 2244), in Qass III. 
with the milk ; but as it was, those filled first had much the richer 
cream. As a practical test, this trial was therefore worthless, but 
the Judges think it worth recording here, if only as a beacon to 
warn future experimenters from committing the same error. 
The quantity varied from 26'06 to 41"87 per cent. This can, to 
some extent, be accounted for by the want of skill in manipula- 
tion, but is chiefly due to the cause just indicated. In some of 
the samples a much greater quantity of buttermilk and of water 
was left than in others ; these impurities increased the weight, 
but depreciated the market-value. Although all made from 
precisely the same cream, we considered the butter to vary in 
value at least Qd. to Sd. per lb. From this trial we selected, as 
the best qualities of butter, Xos. 2244, 2021, and 2087. Being 
particularly desirous of thoroughly testing the merits of the 
different churns, and, if possible, of arriving as far as practicable 
at a sound decision, in order to satisfy our own minds, we 
found it necessary to give the churns another trial, and to supply 
each competitor with 30 lbs. of cream. This was a most satis- 
factory trial. The results showed a remarkable uniformity in 
the yield of butter ; the competition throughout was an exceed- 
ingly close one, involving a degree of individual merit highly 
creditable to the manufacturers. The quality, however, was not 
nearly so uniform ; this we attributed partly to the speed and 
partly to the number of beaters, whether fixed or portable, inside 
the chum. Rapid churning, particularly at the commencement 
