268 The Agi-icultural Features of the Paris Exhibition. 
tear, but also of power, is effected by the adoption of this plan. 
The smaller engine, an exact counterpart of the larger, has 
recently been constructed with the view of meeting a growing 
demand for steam cultivation on small estates and limited farms, 
and is a beautiful piece of workmanship. Numerous ploughs of 
various kinds, four-furrow, three-furrow, double and single, con- 
structed for British agriculture, as well as for sugar-cane fields, 
and other foreign cultivation, were shown by this firm, as were 
also cultivators and harrows adapted to various countries. The 
three-furrow plough, specially constructed for sugar-cane fields, 
deserves particular notice. The main plough- beam, instead of 
being a straight angle-iron diagonally extending over the single 
plough, is bent into a zigzag, so as to give plenty of space for 
roots and cane-stools to pass between the ploughs. The plough 
middle, by which the frame is supported, is capable of swinging 
freely round a vertical stud. Thus, in going over the ridges of 
an old cane field, especially if these ridges are slanting to the 
furrow-line, the shock which the land-wheel constantly receives 
does not communicate itself to the main frame, and the latter 
retains its position, undisturbed by the unevenness of the ground. 
Models of some of the more novel implements invented and 
made by Messrs. Fowler and Co. elicited much admiration, 
more particularly those of the implements constructed specially 
for the Duke of Sutherland's reclamation works in the far north 
of Scotland. 
On the stand of Messrs. Ransomes, Sims and Head, were 
ploughs made specially to suit the requirements of New 
Zealand and the other Colonies, the corn -growing districts 
of Southern Russia, Egypt, India, China, and South America. 
One of the New Zealand ploughs is a new double-furrow imple- 
ment, fitted with circular coulters, and specially adapted for 
breaking up grass-land after it has been used as pasture for 
sheep. The ploughs for Southern Russia and the east of Europe 
are single, and constructed to turn a large furrow, and to break 
up the soil, instead of laying the furrow-slice at an angle of 
45°, as in the English system. The Indian and Egyptian 
ploughs are simple and primitive looking. 
Messrs. Hornsby and Sons' stand contained a beautiful 8-horse- 
power portable steam engine, suitable for all ordinary kinds of 
farm work to which steam engines can be applied, as also two 
ploughs constructed mainly for Continental countries. One of 
the latter was a three-furrow implement, substantial and light in 
make ; the other a single-furrow plough, with a neat arrange- 
ment of wheel and rest for carrying the implement round when 
out of work at the headlands. 
The collection of drills and broadcast sowers was large and 
