The Agricultural Features of the Paris Exhibition. 271 
turers are now required to provide drum-guards : some of those 
exhibited were verv ingenious, and all efficient. Messrs. Ran- 
somes, Sims and Head exhibited a threshing-machine designed 
for hot countries, where straw contains a larger amount of sac- 
charine matter and silica than that grown in cold countries, and 
where, in consequence, animals' mouths are apt to be damaged 
in the masticating of the strong woody fodder, unless it is cut 
or bruised in some fashion. In this machine the process of 
threshing and cleaning the grain is performed in the same waj 
as in the ordinary machine ; but instead of the straw falling 
I from the shakers to the ground, it passes into a hopper, in 
! which are two rollers revolving at a high speed — one fitted with 
I a series of sharp knives, which cut the fodder into lengths of 
> about 2 inches, and the other studded with blunt projections, 
I which split and soften the straw in the same manner as when 
I the grain was trodden out under the feet of animals — the ancient 
process of threshing in Eastern countries. Efficient bruising 
and chopping apparatuses were also attached to the threshing- 
machines shown by other manufacturers, notably those of 
Messrs. Garrett and Sons, of Leiston, and Messrs. Clayton and 
."^huttleworth, of Lincoln. A self-feeding apparatus, with a con- 
trivance for dividing the sheaves, has been adopted by Messrs. 
Ruston, Proctor and Co. ; while Messrs. Hornsby s celebrated 
portable threshing, shaking, finishing, and dressing-machine, with 
reversible drum, has been slightly improved. ^lessrs. Robey 
and Co., Lincoln, exhibited a threshing and dressing-machine 
with wrought-iron frame, which they claim to be both light and 
strong — much stronger than a wooden frame. A threshing- 
machine specially adapted to France was shown by ^lessrs. 
Marshall and Sons, Gainsborough. Among the other exhibitors 
of this class of implements were ^lessrs. Davey, Paxman and 
Co., Colchester ; Messrs. Holmes and Sons, Norwich : ^lessrs. 
Turner, Ipswich ; Mr. Fison, Cambridge ; and Mr. E. Hum- 
phries, Perahore, Worcestershire. Several superior grinding- 
mills were shown : but there was little that could be called 
new among them. ^Ir. .J. Harrison Carter, Mark Lane, London, 
showed a middlings roller-crushing mill, which is intended to 
introduce into England the Hungarian system of high grinding, 
and which it is predicted will by-and-by become popular in 
this country. It is constructed with chilled iron rollers, for the 
grinding of middlings or the better parts of wheat. 
Some very efficient grain-dressing machines were also exhi- 
j 'bited. Perhaps the most notable of these was the combined 
winnower, elevator, and weigher, which attracted so many 
visitors to the Stand of Messrs. Corbett and Peele, of Shrewsbury. 
The elevator stands at the end of an ordinary winnower, and is 
