424 
Sutherland Reclamation. 
carry the steam-roller. The grass is poor ; it is being grazed 
bj sheep and cattle, but the latter have poached the surface. 
Xo. 5 (45 a. 2 r. 33 p.), in 1876, oats. Most of this field is 
deep peat, except on the side next to Z\o. 6, where the soil is 
strong and good. At the northern corner, the earth dug out for 
the foundation of the steading was spread over the peat ; the 
oats there were good, but were bad on the deep peat ; 1877, 
oats were again sown. This second crop of oats was very 
superior to the first. A fair crop was grown all over the field, 
except on an eminence of fibrous peat; 1878 and 1879, grass; 
a fair plant, fed by sheep and cattle without roots or other help. 
The field has not been rolled this year ; and the grass is de- 
teriorating in consequence of defects in the drainage. There 
is much fog-grass in it. 
No. 6 (51a. Or. Ip), in 1876, 5 acres in wheat and 46 in 
oats. The wheat promised well, but did not come to maturity, 
yielding little over 5 sacks per acre ; the oats were a good crop. 
The whole field was seeded among the corn with 1^ bushel of 
mixed perennial and Italian rye-grass, and 14 lbs. of mixed red 
and white clover. Sheep were put on to the stubble, and the 
seeds were fed off at intervals till the middle of ^lay ; a light 
crop of hay was got in 1877. The grass was grazed through- 
out 1878 ; a good plant. About 20 acres on the north side were 
ploughed in autumn by horses and oxen ; " disced " in spring 
1879, harrowed by oxen and top-dressed with 2 cwt. super- 
phosphate, 1 cwt. bone-meal, and 1 cwt. phospho-guano ; 10 
acres were sown with Swiss oats, which yielded a fair light 
crop ; 10 acres were sown with Sandy oats, giving a heavy but 
late crop. As an experiment, a small piece in the middle of 
the oats was prepared by twice "discing" instead of ploughing 
it ; the result was a failure. 
The south side of this field is in turnips and swedes, dressed 
with 2^ cwt. superphosphate, '2h cwt. bone-meal, and 1 cwt. 
phospho-guano. The turnips are on the east side ; the land was 
" disced " twice over in ^lay and sown early ; the grass was not 
killed, and the crop was much injured by leather-jackets (the 
grub of the Tipula or daddy longlegs), the roots that remained 
grew well, and there was about three-fourths of a crop in 
August. The west side was ploughed by horses, " disced " in 
spring, and well dunged. The snow prevented late autumn 
or winter-ploughing, hence the weeds are strong, but the swedes 
are also strong and vigorous. 
No. 7 (58 a. 2 r. 3 p.), a field of deep peat. The pipes were 
laid here, as in other places where they could not be laid in a 
solid subsoil, on narrow boards to keep them in position. After 
draining, 13 acres of the softest land were trenched by hand, 
