724 Report on the Exhibition of Implements^ 
Fig. 20.- — Door and Gate Fastenings, shoicing holt in its soclcet. 
Tlie Kirkstall Forge Company received first-class mention for 
patent-roller shaftings, not only on account of the considerable 
economy in their production, over that of the ordinary turned 
shaftings, but because of their additional strength, in consequence 
of the skin not being in any way removed or interfered with. 
I am indebted to the 'Textile Manufacturer,' of Dec. 15, 1878, 
for th© following description of the process by which the result 
is obtained : — 
" The first operations of piling and rolling the iron are identically the same 
as when ordinary round bars are being produced. When the bar leaves the 
rolls, however, it is a trifle larger in diameter than in the shaft intended to be 
made from it. The bar, after being rolled, is at a good red heat ; it is therefore 
allowed to cool to a low red heat in daylight, at which temperature it is in the 
best condition for ' planishing,' as the operation which makes it trae and 
straight is called. The planishing machine is very strongly constructed, and 
stands well down on the floor to avoid lifting the bars to be ojierated ujjon. 
The machine consists of a pair of vertical discs, which rapidly revolve on 
horizontal shafts. They are nearly equal in diameter, and are placed face to 
face, but not with their centres opposite, there being a horizontal distance of 
about 9 inches between the centre lines of the discs. Supposing the faces to 
I 
