Report on the Trade in Animals. 
231 
mc wliy Harwich and Dovercoiirt are frco when tlicre have been more foreign 
cattle driven through and kept in tlieni than any parish I know? Tlie 
number of animals which arrived at Harwich in July was a little over 28,000 
— I think this is about the average number — from 4000 to 5000 of these were 
cattle, the remainder sheep and pigs; three-fourths of the cattle were store 
nnd milch cows. A great number of Dutch cattle arc grazing in the Tendring 
Hundred district. 1 have never seen one have the foot-and-mouth when they 
liave been taken direct from Harwich." 
Londnn. — Considering that more than half of the total number 
of foreign animals imported into the United Kingdom come 
direct to London, it may be expected that the arrangements at 
the different wharves and landing-places would be described in 
this Report in considerable detail. It will be sufficient, however, 
to state the facts very briefly. Animals from scheduled countries 
must be landed at the new Foreign Cattle Market at Deptford — 
an immense series of lairs and slaughter-houses, which are 
walled in on every side except the river, where they are ap- 
proached by three well-appointed landing-stages, at which cattle 
can be unshipped at any state of the tide. The arrangements 
are so nearly perfect that they deserve careful description and 
illustration on account of their intrinsic merit ; but it is enough 
for the purpose of this Report to state that they are admirably 
adapted for the prevention of the conveyance of germs of disease 
beyond the walls of the market itself — that is to say, beyond the 
boundary of the defined part of the port of London. The 
wharves for the reception of cattle from unscheduled countries 
present no special feature that requires detailed description. 
They are situated on the opposite side of the river from Deptford, 
and may be regarded as merely resting-places and quarantine 
stations between the steamboats and the Metropolitan Cattle 
Market at Islington. 
IV. — Steamboats Engaged in the Cattle Trade. 
The arrangements of the steamboats engaged in carrying cattle 
are in principle the same in the Irish trade as in the Foreign. 
There are differences in detail, but otherwise a description of any 
ordinary steamboat will give a fair idea of the others. 
Commencing Avith the embarkation of the cattle, it may be 
stated that in Ireland they are always driven, and in Holland 
generally led, on board. The cruelty often practised by drovers 
during this operation is quite unnecessary, and has, if I am not 
mistaken, led to a series of investigations and reports to the Irish 
Government. It is, however, extremely difficult for a known 
official to see, and much more to describe, the actual course of 
events under ordinary circumstances. For this reason I believe 
