452 
Foot-and-Mouth Disease. 
Salisbury, and Frome, it was ascertained, had contributed 
their share of diseased and infected cattle and pigs. And it is 
certainly true that more attention was paid to the cleansing 
and disinfection of Bristol market than to any other market in 
the country. Under the direction of the Inspector, who had 
full powers to act, the place was well swept after each market. 
The ground was covered with quick-lime ; and lime wash with 
carbolic acid was applied to the walls of the pens in which 
cattle had been placed. All the sweepings and manure from 
the market were removed to the farms in the occupation of 
the lessee, whose cattle did not suffer in consequence, as it 
appeared on inquiry that he had only had two outbreaks 
of disease on his two farms for several years ; in each case 
the disease was introduced by cattle which he purchased in the 
market. 
It must be obvious, that no amount of care in cleansing and 
disinfecting market places, or other places where cattle are kept, 
can in any degree prevent the extension of disease from the 
movement of diseased or' infected animals. These cleansing 
processes, if properly carried out, may be presumed to prevent 
the extension of disease from the presence of active contagion 
left by diseased animals which previously occupied the lairs or 
other places. More than this cannot be expected. 
Having discovered the sources of the infection, in the county 
of Somerset, there was no difficulty in explaining the rapid 
spread of the disease. The presence of a single diseased animal, 
for example, on the Pawlet Hams, could not fail to occasion the 
wide extension of the affection, and taking the vast grazing 
district round Glastonbury, practically an open plain, as the 
pastures are only separated from each other by dykes or slight 
fences, there aie no sufficient barriers to the association of 
diseased and healthy animals, it is at once apparent that in 
such a position an infectious malady must spread. Isolation 
and disinfection are utterly impossible of application, and under 
such conditions the disease advances without any check, until 
all the susceptible animals are affected. 
Exposure of diseased animals in fairs and markets has in 
very many instances caused the distribution of the disease 
over a wide extent of country ; and, unfortunately, no amount 
of vigilance on the part of the Inspector of the market, or ot 
energetic action on the part of the Local Authorities, can prevent 
the mischief. Diseased animals may be seized, and the owners 
fined for exposing them, but meanwhile the virus has done its 
work in the systems of many animals which were healthy on the 
day of tlie market, but which, in a few days' time, will certainly 
exhibit the disease. In Bristol market, owing to the unceasing 
