476 
Foot-and-Mouth Disease. 
autumn of 1865, presented remarkable lesions of the mouth, the abrasions of 
the membrane of the j^ahite and cheeks beiug as extensive as they were in 
severe cases of plague. 
' Hun(h eds of cattle affected with the foot-and-mouth complaint were seen 
in the beginning of 1866, but when the restrictions on cattle traffic were 
carried into effect with an increased stringency, as the cattle-plague made incur- 
sions into new districts, mouth-and-foot disease and iileuro-pneumonia declined. 
' For a period of six months during the summer and autumn of 1867, the 
disease was seldom seen; the cattle in the Metropolitan market and in the 
lair, were free from the affection, and a like immunity from its attack was 
enjoyed by animals all over the coimtry. Isolated cases might be met with, 
but it is certain that, at the time of cessation of the cattle-plague, the live- 
stock of the United Kingdom were more entirely exempt from infectious 
disease than they had been for many years.' 
These remarks were written without any intention to prove that 
foot-and-mouth disease had been absolutely exterminated by the 
measures which had been used for the eradication of cattle- 
plague. It was generally known at the time that the disease 
had subsided to a remarkable extent, and its absence from the 
lairs of the metropolitan market naturally attracted attention, 
but it was never suspected, and certainly it was not intended to 
suggest, that the malady had altogether ceased. On the contrary, 
it was known to exist among cattle in different parts of the country 
while the cattle-plague regulations were in force. These regula- 
tions, in reality, commenced to operate on March 24th, 1866, 
when foot-and-mouth complaint was very prevalent, but less so 
than in 1865. The Order of March 24th, 1866, provided that 
fairs and markets for sale or exhibition of cattle should be held 
only by licence, that foreign cattle should not be moved from 
the town or place in which they were landed, and cattle brought 
by sea from any part of the United Kingdom could not be 
moved from the town or place alive without a certificate of 
health, only to be granted after proper inspection. 
Cattle could not be moved on a highway between sunrise and 
sunset ; no movement of cattle was permitted on a highway, 
railroad, or river, without a licence ; and even hides, and 
horns, or hoofs, were to be conveyed under strict supervision. 
These restrictions were continued, and even made more severe 
from time to time until June, 1868, when they were revoked in 
reference to all parts of the country excepting the metropolis, 
which was not set free until the opening of the Deptford Market 
in January, 1871. 
It appears, therefore, that the cattle-plague regulations were in 
operation for more than twelve months, that is, from the spring 
of 1866 to the summer of 1867 — before the decline of foot-and 
mouth-disease was so marked as to excite any remark. Accidental 
reference to my notes of 1867 has just reminded me that, in the 
beginning of 1867, while the regulations were most rigidly 
