Jtcport of the Trials of Plouffhs, Harroics, &,-c., at Hull. 533 
a. Square Coulter-clip. h. Set Screw 
ploughs which were tried in the second Class, for medium land, 
the weijjht not to exceed 2^ cwt. Tlie only conditions attached 
to the entry were that the ploughs should be tested at from 4 to 
7 inches deep, on light and mixed 
land, and that the extreme length ^'^o- 2. 
from the point of the share to the 
end of the breast should not exceed 4^ 
feet. 
W. Ball and Son, Bothwell, Noriliampton- 
shire, who appear, not for the first time, iu tlie 
prize-lists of the Royal Agricultural Society, 
were very successful with their well-kuowu 
Criterion ploughs, taking two first and two 
second prizes. These ploughs are admirably 
made, combining strength with quality of 
workmanship and simplicity. The beam is 
single, deej), and of suflicient substance. The 
square coulter-clip with set screw is perhaps 
the best arrangement that can be used (see 
Fig. 2), since the coulter can be fixed at any angle and at any part of the beam. 
It is both simple and efi'ective. The draught is taken direct from the cradle or 
cock, and not from the beam in front of the body, by a draught-rod. This 
is not generally considered so good an arrangement, but Messrs. Ball and Son 
state that it makes no practical difl'erence. One would have thought that the more 
direct the draught line was with the work, the better. The land and furrow 
wheals are separately attached to the beam by a single square clip or box", the 
standard being fixed in anj' required position. The width of the furrow is 
adjusted hj bringing the wheel-axles nearer or farther apart. The body is 
attached to the frame by four strong screws'. The great merit of these 
ploughs lies in the cutting surface of the share and the form of the mould- 
board, which ensures an unbroken well-packed furrow being laid with the 
expenditure of the minimum amount of power. The under part of the wing 
of the mouldboard is cut away, and the slade and sole are not so long as in 
some other ploughs. 
Corhett and Fcele. No. 2843, The " Excelsior."— The total length from 
stilts to cock is 11 feet 7 inches. The beam, 6 feet long, 1 inch by 2|- inches 
deep, is, with the frame, composed of wrought iron. The attachment of the 
skip or frame is peculiar. Instead of being bolted to the beam, as is common, 
the latter is made with two arms, to which the frame, also made to match, is 
securely attached (Fig. 3). This arrangement gives great strength, which might 
be increased if the front edge of the frame were fitted with a flange flapping over 
Fig. 3. — Attachment of Frame to Beam. 
Fig. -i. — Section of Slade 
and Frame. 
a. The Slade. K The Frame, 
c. The Mouldboard. 
2 N 2 
