Organs of the Animal Bodtj : their Forms and Uses. 25 
up of several pieces joined together ; then the bones of the tail, 
which complete the chain. 
Figures 9 and 10 show the sacrum, and the hip-bone which 
rests on it, forming the cavity of the pelvis in which the genital 
and part of the urinary organs are lodged. 
After the head, neck, and trunk, the limbs, hind and fore, are 
to be studied in the drawings of the skeletons. In the fore- 
limbs the observer may notice the shoulder-blade and the bone 
of the arm forming an angle with it, both of them joined to the 
trunk by the aid of flesh (muscle), there being no bony bond of 
union in any of the animals of the farm. Next to the arm is 
the fore-arm, consisting of two bones, the back one of which 
forms the point of the elbow. Then the knee-joint is reached 
(corresponding to the wrist of man), a very complex joint, as 
the next figures (11 and 12) show :— 
Fig. 11. — Posterior view of the Fig. 12. — Front view of 
Right Carpus. Right Carpus. 
Immediately below the knee is the cannon-bone, or shank-bone, 
with the small splint-bones in the horse ; and the bones of the 
pasterns, which really belong to the foot, although, as farm- 
animals walk on the tips of their toes, it is usual to limit the 
term "foot" to those points. The next figures (13 and 14) 
represent the bones below the knee, forming the fetlock, coronet, 
and coffin-joints, by their union one with the other. 
