100 
Pasteur and his Work, 
cattle were inoculated with the primary vaccine without any 
unfavourable symptoms following. After the second inocu- 
lation, however, several of the cattle and sheep became very ill, 
and three sheep died. The cattle and remaining sheep were 
soon quite well, and were inoculated with very virulent blood, 
at the same time as the other half of the animals kept for test 
purposes. All of the former continued perfectly well, but all 
the sheep and three cattle of the latter perished from anthrax. 
The experiment demonstrated that Pasteur's protective inocu- 
lation gives the inoculated animals complete immunity ; but its 
practical utility was doubtful, as 12 per cent, of those inocu- 
lated succumbed to the second inoculation. Pasteur was of 
opinion that the breed of sheep had something to do with this 
result, so different to that observed in France ; and the Minister 
of Agriculture, accepting this view, put the entire flock of sheep 
on the farm at his disposal. These were subjected to experi- 
ment ; and fifty-two head of cattle on another farm were inocu- 
lated protectively. None of the cattle died ; and the result 
with the sheep was more favourable than that in the first 
experiment. 
The conclusions or inferences arrived at from these two sets 
of carefully conducted and closely supervised experiments, were 
to the following effect : — 
" 1. Cattle which withstand inoculation with the cultivated 
material, do not contract the natural form of the disease. 
" 2. The weakest cultivated fluid (premier vacciri) did not 
produce any sign of disease, either in cattle or sheep. 
" 3. The second inoculation, with the more virulent culti- 
vated material {deuxieme vaccin), produced a decided rise of the 
internal temperature and illness, although this was not, as a 
rule, fatal. At the seat of inoculation, various-sized nodules or 
swellings formed, which were either painful or painless. None 
of the cattle died after the second inoculation, but three sheep 
of the twenty-five used for the first experiment, and one of 'the 
251 of the second, perished. 
" 4. The controlling experiments with the blood of an animal 
that had died of anthrax, and with the virulent fluid from 
Pasteur's laboratory, produced only a slight disturbance in the 
cattle and sheep that had been previously protected by the 
cultivated fluids ; those animals which had not been so pro- 
tected, however, became very ill indeed. Of the twenty-five 
sheep in the first experiment, and which had been inoculated 
with the protective fluid, none died ; of the twenty-four in the 
second experiment, two lambs succumbed — one fourteen days 
after inoculation ; but both were weakly animals, which may 
account for this unfavourable result." 
