132 
Report on the Dairy and Stock-Farm 
oats, home grown ; 8 tons 4 cwt. of llnseed-cake, 65Z. 8s. ; 21 
tons 15 cwt. of cotton-cake, 163/. 16s. 8fZ. ; 25 quarters of 
India corn, 31Z. 5s. ; 13 quarters of India meal, 20/. 3s. ; and 
150 quarters of "thirds," 115/. 9s. dd.: the whole amounting 
to 396/. Is. lid. for the purchased foods, besides probably 130/. 
worth of home-grown grain, equal to 530/. a year in all ; or with 
the manure nearly 4/. an acre. 
The stock upon the farm at our last visit included 60 cows 
in milk and 7 feeding cows, 16 two year-old heifers, 24 heifer- 
calves, 3 bull-calves, 2 bulls, one of which, a massive roan of 
admirable quality, by the 5th Duke of VVetherby, had won 
prizes at the Manchester and Liverpool Show, at Preston, 
at Northwich, Stockport, and elsewhere. 
The farm was worked by four horses ; and an entire-horse 
was kept travelling one day in the week during the season, who 
had taken 60 mares that year at a fee of 35s. He had been 
bought for 65/., and the price of 140/. had since been bidden 
for him. The pig stock included 9 sows and 19 fat pigs ; 
and 50 or 60 fat pigs were sold generally in the course of the 
year. Thirty sheep were bought for wintering in the pastures. 
The sales in the course of the previous year, when 60 cows had 
been milked, were 360 cheeses, weighing 221 cwt. 1 qr. 19 lbs., 
sold at 70s. to 75s. per cwt. for 830/. 5s. Id. Butter, 2047 lbs., 
at Is. to Is. Id., 127/. 14s. ; milk, 6214 gallons, at M. to lOirf., 
255/. 19s. M. ; 58 fat pigs, averaging 4/. Is. Id., 235/. 2s. IQd. ; 
2 cows, 16/. 5s., 32/. 10s. ; 2 heifers, at 12/. 8s. 9f/., 24/. 17s. 6rf. ; 
10 fat cattle, 22/. 14s., 227/. ; 9 young calves, at 1/. 8s. 4c?., 
12/. 15s. ; 9 bull-calves, at 5/., 45/. ; 11 calves, at 21. 15s., 
30/. 5s. ; 40 fat sheep, at 3/. 10s., 140/. ; 36 qrs. of wheat, at 
21. 5s. M., 81/. 17s. 8d. ; 70 qrs. of oats, at 1/. 12s., 112/. ; 10 
acres of potatoes, 196/. 13s. Id. The sales of milk, cheese, 
butter, and pigs amounted thus to 1449/. 2s. 2d., or 22/. 12s. lOd. 
per cow over 64 cows in milk, in addition to which 29 
calves had been sold for 97/. 10s. It will be seen that the 
receipts altogether amounted to 2352/. Os. Wd., and that the 
cost in rents, labour, food purchased, and manures, comes to 
little more than half of that amount. To the outlay, however, 
thus specified there should be added purchases of cows, sheep, 
pigs, and grazing stock to the amount of 208/. 10s. 6r/. 
We saw the process of cheese-making going on, and, as Mrs. 
Parton has always obtained a good price for a good quality of 
cheese, we took down from her the whole story of the manu- 
facture. Some 60 cows are milked, beginning at 5.30 A.M. : 
ten milkers — men, girls, and boys — are employed. The long 
rectangular cheese-vat holds 265 gallons, having a false bottom 
with an arrangement for putting in cold or hot water beneath 
