Frize Competition, 1885. 
153 
of bone-dust and superphosphate are bought for the turnip crop 
every year. Food and manure together come to about 140/. a 
year, or 32s. an acre, nothing like the amount reported of other 
farms ; but here, as has been said, the whole produce of the 
land is consumed at home, both green and grain crop ; and in 
this respect it is unique among the farms we visited, no potatoes 
even being sold. 
The dairy management is not particularly noteworthy, ex- 
cepting that no cream whatever is taken from the milk, though 
the price reported to us for the cheese was not higher than on 
most of the other farms. The floors of cheese which we had 
the opportunity of inspecting were not quite equal to those 
which we had seen elsewhere; Mr. Lowe, however, certainly 
deserves the high commendation which he received. The labour 
of the land is done by one cowman and one carter, receiv- 
ing 20/. and 18Z. respectively, and board ; one dairy woman, 
who is also housekeeper, and two girls, receiving 30/., 16/., 
and 10/. respectively, and board ; and there is about 5/. worth 
of extra labour at hay and corn harvest. The whole amounts 
thus probably to 180/. a year ; this large expenditure is, however, 
to some extent owing to the housekeeper's wages, 30/. a year, 
being included. Mention should be made of the garden ; the 
house and garden and general surroundings are really those of 
a country gentleman. 
There are many other farms of the same class which deserve 
notice if we had space at our disposal ; shorter references to 
these, however, must suffice. 
Mr. Samuel Walley, of Rowley Farm, Elkinton, Tarporley, 
occupies 67 acres, rather high-lying and also outlying, for it is 
9 miles from a market town. He has been tenant for eighteen 
years, during nine of which he had managed it for his mother. 
He was born on the place, which was held by his father and 
grandfather before him. Of his 67 acres, 12 are in grain and 
green crop, including 9 acres of oats, 1 of wheat, 1^ of swedes, 
IJ of mangolds, 2 of potatoes ; and there are 15 acres of clover 
and 36 acres of permanent grass. All except two fields had been 
laid down by the tenant, and he could plough up any of them, 
being only restricted to 18 acres of ploughed land in the year. 
He milks 20 to 22 cows, and keeps a flock of 40 or 50 sheep, 
buying in either ewes and selling them with their lambs or 
shearlings, and keeping them through the winter and spring. 
His sales last year included 18 calves, 40/. Is. 6t/., and one cow, 
13/. Several of his cows were that year with their first calves, 
and only 65^ cwt. of cheese accordingly was made, which realised 
70s. a cwt., or 234/. The sales of pigs (both fat and stores. 
