Prize Competition, 1885. 
165 
pig stock ; so that the place comes clearly within the class of 
stock farms in which it is entered. Mr. Cottam sold last year 
12,775 gallons of milk for 638/. 155., and 1300 lbs. of butter 
for 92/. Is. 8c/. He also sold pig stock to the amount of 
26/. 18s. His sales also included 5 calving cows at 125/., 7 fat 
cattle at 22/. = 154/., 10 young calves at 50s. = 25/., and 5 fat 
calves at 4/. 10s. = 22/. 10s. ; 3 young bulls at 14/. = 42/. ; 85 ewes 
and lambs at 2/. = 170/. : or in all 1296/. 4s. 8</. Sales to the 
amount of 13/. per acre off grass-land is a remarkable per- 
formance. His purchases included five cows for 110/. ; 10 
young grazing beasts, 70/. His purchases of food amounted 
to 297/. 12s. \ld. for linseed-cake, oat- and pea- or India-meal, 
and brewers' grains; also 18 tons of hay = 78/., and 6 of 
straw = 13/. 6s. 8f/. His purchases of manure amount to about 
84/. 5s. a year, namely, 100 tons of stable manure, and 5J tons 
of bone-dust. The labour of the farm is done by three men, 
one dairywoman, beside his own sons ; and about 12/. for occa- 
sional extra labour. The farm lies in the valley, part of it on 
the lower level, a highway dividing the lower area from a double 
row of fields on the rising ground. The small arable field, of 
a somewhat heavy soil, yields oats, beans, and potatoes ; and 
there is a sale generally of 20/. worth of potatoes : but all the 
rest of the home produce is consumed upon the farm. It is a 
well-managed occupation, carrying a large quantity of stock, 
cattle, sheep, and pigs, the former producing not only about 27/. 
worth of milk and butter apiece in the year, but rearing calves ; 
a considerable number of young stock being reared on the 
premises. Thus coming clearly within the terms of the Class 
as a stock-breeding farm, it fairly deserves the prize which has 
been awarded to it. 
Class VII. — This included such farms as, being under 40 
acres in extent, were worked for the most part by the tenant him- 
self and his family. We have had no difficulty whatever in award- 
ing the first prize here to Mr. Wm. Loxham, who farms 29 acres 
within a mile of Leyland Station, 5 miles south of Preston, the 
property of the Rev. Prebendary Michell, of Wells. Of this, 26 
acres are ploughed, and 3 acres permanent pasture. Mr. Lox- 
ham has occupied this farm for twenty-seven years, paying a 
rent of 64/. a-year from the beginning, when, as he represented 
to us, it was an unenclosed area but lately recovered from the 
moss, divided only by ditches ; with, however, a substantial 
cottage home and sufficient outbuildings on it. He now pays 
69/. 5s. a-year ; or, with tithe, 4/. 13s. 8^/. ; poor's rate, 3/. 12s. M. ; 
road rate, 1/. 18s. M. ; in all, 79/. 9s. 8f/., equal to 2/. 14s. 9rf. 
per acre. During his tenancy he has drained the whole land 3 ft. 
