168 Report on the Dairy and Stock-Farm 
potatoes, a very fine show of wheat, a local white sort, the seed 
being sown broadcast over the dug potato land and ploughed in, 
the "seeds" sown amongst it looked well : 8 lbs. of red clover 
and 3 lbs. of alsike clover, and 3 lbs. of trefoil, and 1 peck of 
Italian rye-grass are sown per statute acre. This we got by cal- 
culation from the terms in which Mr. Loxham reported the 
matter to us — the local acre being quoted. We were told that 
the produce of a poor crop of wheat last year off 4J Leyland 
acres amounted to 54 windles, sold in Preston at 14s. 6c?. a 
windle ; which, being interpreted, means that 4^ times 160 rods 
of 7 J yards to the rod had produced 54 times 220 lbs. of market- 
able grain ; and the necessary arithmetic being still further 
applied, we get out that about 8j statute acres had produced 
lyij bushels of 62 lbs. a bushel — not a very heavy crop. The 
manure bought annually on this farm includes a quantity of 
horse-dung from Blackburn, costing 9s. a ton at the station one 
mile off ; one ton of Rochdale Corporation manure, at 6/. 15s. ; 
and 5 cwt. of Wigan manure, at 11/. a ton. All this is put 
upon the clover, which is mown twice. The current crop of 
wheat looked more like 40 bushels per acre than 20. The 
clover mown had yielded a capital rick of hay, already in the 
Dutch barn. We here see an example of a family brought up 
in a quiet homely industry, where probably not only a living 
has been made for all, but a certain amount of profit has 
been accumulating annually. Mr. Loxham distinctly deserves 
the first place in his class. 
The second prize in this class is given, after some doubt, to 
Mrs. Margaret Park, of Cropper Farm, Little Marton, Black- 
pool. There are here 16 acres of plough-land, and 12^ acres 
of permanent grass — part of the Clifton Estate. Most of the 
arable land is a black soil, on the level of the original moss — 
the pasture, on a somewhat higher level, is useful grass-land. 
This holding is thus distinctly of the same class as Mr. Loxham's 
farm just described ; and it also comes within the class as 
regards its labour — a son and daughter doing most of the work, 
with, however, one additional labourer receiving 15/. a year 
and his board. More stock is kept than on the Leyland farm. 
Five cows are milked, and we saw one heifer and two calves, 
also a small flock of sheep (19 lambs had been sold), one farm 
mare (her last foal had been sold for 20/.), and four pigs in the 
stye : no poultry was kept. Mrs. Park was sending 30 lbs. of 
butter weekly to Blackpool in .July, receiving Is. 2d. a pound. 
Her other sales annually included calves, the produce of the 
small flock, an occasional fat cow, a foal, a good deal of fat 
pork, and the produce of the oat and potato fields. She pays a 
rent of 65/. a ye.-ir, with 11. 14s. additional for tithes and rates. 
