186 
Farming and Agricultural Training in 
tural labour with the spade. We teach the hoys to earn part of their keep in- 
the schools as a preparation for earniug their whole keep in future. As to 
physical training, not having had a doctor for 2 years will say good each way.. 
Remuneration : boys are not like men, for they value their earnings only 
to spend all they get, as a rule. We do not give any pay ; we expect and teach 
them to work from principle, a big fellow to do more than a small boy. And 
for 10 years now have found it to work well. We could never gauge the 
amount of work to each boy, so many are the differences in physical power; 
not one out of ten cared for a piece of garden land ; they would rather play 
than attend to their garden ; we gave it a trial for 14 years. We do a great 
deal of work for neighbouring farmers, taking a field to be hoed, or sheaves 
bound, at the average price of the country, and sending a man with 20 or 
40 boys to do the work. The profits of the farm and the boys' earnings alL 
go to the supjxirt of the school. l"he farm consists of about 52 acres of 
pasture, and 35^ of spade-dug arable land. The payments or bonuses to inmates 
are nil; to ordinary labourers, Vlll.; and to bailiffs or other superintendents,. 
oil., including house, garden, fire, and light. All except the grass is worked 
by the spade. We get a large quantity of manure from Gloucester (5 miles 
off), and grow a great proportion of wheat, also beans and roots. Three 
horses are kept, but they are not much used on the farm. The other live- 
stock consists of milch and other cows, 17; calves, 10; sheep, 20; pigs, 24 ;. 
poultry, 21. 
" The amounts received and earned for fiirm produce in 1884, were — 
£ B. d. £ g. d. 
Wheat sold 177 1 0 
Butter 22 10 2 
Live-stock 5161511 
■ 716 7 1 
Supplied to School : — 
Wheat (flour) 40 0 0 
Meat 80 0 0 
Vegetables 39 2 6 
MUk 64 15 2 ■ 
Total £946 4 9 
" When the mind has a decided warp towards crime, the first requisite is to- 
get rid of evil thoughts. In shoemaking or tailoring the thoughts will often 
stray even by day, and at night they have full play ; but during and after a 
hard day's digging there is no time for bad thoughts. A London boy thief of 
the old days, four times or more convicted, skilled and hardened in crime, 
would often in a week's time become tractable, and have forgotten for the 
time all his evil ways. Farm work is good as a base. We try to have some 
repairs, alterations, brick-work, carpentering, painting, gardening, trap and 
horse to clean, &c. If boys are not made generally handy, they do not keep 
their places. 
" We must explain that until about 1877 this Reformatory, receiving 
few except Gloucestershire boys, seldom averaged above 40 inmates. In 
that year an extraordinary wave of crime seemed to pass over England. 
Most of the reformatories were nearly full, and would receive no more. We 
hold that we ought to receive boys at any inconvenience, rather than send 
twice or three times convicted boys back to their streets. We therefore 
slung more hammocks in workrooms, and built some additional rooms, 
and received about 80. The large towns still continue to send them, and 
the number remains about the same. About a year ago 50 acres of land 
were added, and wo therefore have had little experience of the result. 
" Wo cannot compute with any accuracy the different effects of mental in- 
