Reformatory and Industrial Schools. 
201 
kinds. The value of the produce sold off the farm in 1884 was 1793?. 16s. 5d. ; 
besides a total of 1004?. 10s. (!>d. utilised for .school purposes. A dairy, cou- 
ducted on the ordinary system, is attached to the school. 
" Agriculture has a wonderful effect in reforming boys, especially town boys. 
The moral and physical improvement effected by it in even a few months 
must be seen to be appreciated. Contact with the soil appears to act as a 
moral deodoriser. It is also the best preparation for Colonial life. Our boys 
who emigrate do well and prosper. They are much sought after by Colonial 
farmers. 
" I do not think that elementary education suffers at all in our school by 
its combination with practical work. On the contrary, the one appears to 
help on the other. Taking the whole year through, we give more hours to 
education annually than the Board Schools. But it is to be remembered 
that many boys come to us at the ages of 14, 15, or 16, knowing practically 
nothing, and it is a very difficult matter to push those forward — much more 
so than if we had to deal with them earlier in life. Therefore, when a boy 
leaves a Reformatory still backward for learning, it should be ascertained 
what was his age and the state of his education on admission, before the 
Reformatory is blamed for neglecting his education. 
" Rev. AnTHUR G. Jackson, 
" Resident Chaplain and Director, 
" Philanthropic Society's Farm School, Bedhill, Surrey." 
The large farm of nearly 300 acres attached to this really 
remarkable establishment was still visibly suffering from a long 
course of mismanagement. My inspection was made on 
May 31st, 1885, and the present Farm-bailiff, who had then been 
in office only fifteen months, explained to me the way in which 
he hoped to get rid of his inheritance of twitch by a laborious 
system of spade-digging and hand-picking. The portions of 
land which had already been subjected to this process were 
comparatively clean, and the Philanthropic Society are to be 
congratulated upon having secured the services of a Farm- 
manager who does not look with favour upon a partnership in 
the soil in which Twitch is the head of the firm. The market 
garden has recently been increased from 6 to 17 acres in extent, 
and if success attends this development of vegetable culture its 
extension will be continued by degrees, as it provides healthy 
and intellectual employment for the more intelligent boys. 
When engaged in digging the heavy land the boys are paid a 
farthing per rod, and at this rate the stronger ones can earn as 
much as 9rf. per week. Of the cattle, from 35 to 40 are milch 
cows ; and the boys, who are taught all farming operations, do 
the milking, and assist in the dairy. At the time of my visit, 
the butter was being sold at Is. 7c?. per lb. to persons who sent 
for it, and the remainder was sent to grocers in Redhill at the 
same price, minus 2d. per lb. commission. The skim-milk is 
mostly used in the school. Although agriculture is the chief, 
and indeed almost exclusive, employment, yet tailoring, shoe- 
making, and carpentering are taught, so that the needs of the 
