JOURNAL 
OF THE 
ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY 
OF ENGLAND. 
XIV. — The Lung Parasites of Cattle and Sheep, with Report on 
Experiments. By the late T. Spencer Cobbold, M.D., F.R.S., 
Foreign Member of the Royal Agricultural Academy of 
Turin. 
Various kinds of entozoa infest the lungs of our domesticated 
herbivora. All of them are more or less injurious to their hosts. 
The most destructive species belong to the so-called round- 
worm group of parasites. These entozoa give rise to pulmonary 
disorders, known by the names of husk or hoose, parasitic bron- 
chitis, verminous pneumonia, lung-worm disease, and so forth. 
The irritation set up by the parasites in severe cases produces 
inflammation, leading to obstruction of the smaller air-passages, 
to plugging of the air-vesicles, and to consolidation of the lung- 
tissues, ending in complete pulmonary collapse. In the pro- 
duction of this diseased state, one or other of at least five 
distinct species of thread-like worm is concerned. In some 
instances more than one species of lung-worm afflict the same 
animal. The five species of entozoa are thus named : — - 
1. Strongylus micrurus ; the small-tailed strongyle, better 
known as the common cattle lung-worm, or husk- 
producing worm. 
2. Strongylus filaria ; the large-tailed strongyle, better 
known as the " Filaria," or common lung-worm of 
sheep and lambs. 
3. Strongylus paradoxus ; the puzzling strongyle, better 
known as the lung-worm of the pig. 
4. Strongylus rufescens ; the rufous or reddish-brown stron- 
gyle, sometimes called the large lung-worm. 
5. Pseudalius pulmonalis ; the filament lung-worm, better 
known in England as Dr. Crisp's gordian worm. 
VOL. XXII. — S. S. 2 B 
