Bcport on the Farm-Prize Competition o/'1886. 573 
horned breed then existent as in the Polls of the present time. 
It is supposed that the Red Polled breed was in existence in 
Norfolk at the time he wrote; but their number must have been 
very limited to escape the notice of so close and diligent an 
observer. The breed, however, was then a noted one in Suffolk, 
and celebrated for the great quantity of milk which the cows gave. 
Young's description of the heavy milkers of the breed is : 
" A clean throat with little dewlap ; a thin clean snake head ; 
thin legs ; a very large carcass ; rib tolerably springing from 
centre of the back, but with a heavy belly ; back bone ridged ; 
chine thin and hollow ; loin narrow ; udder large, loose, and 
creased when empty ; milk veins remarkably large, and rising 
in knotted puffs to the eye. A general habit of leanness, hip 
bones high, and ill-covered, and scarcely any part of the carcass 
so formed and covered as to please an eye accustomed to fat 
beasts of the finer breeds." This was no doubt an accurate 
description. 
The breed which largely prevails now both in Norfolk and 
Suffolk is a continuation of the above, greatly improved in 
contour and the essential points which constitute a good 
butcher's beast, without, it is believed, any diminution of its 
original milking capabilities. The number and excellence of 
the breed shown at Norwich this year constituted one of the 
chief features of the Show. 
A Herd-book for the registration of animals of the breed was 
established in 1874, the Standard description having been pre- 
viously agreed upon by the breeders, which is as follows : — 
" Gdour. — Red. The tip of the tail and the udder may be white. The 
extension of the white of the udder a few inches along the inside of the flank, 
or a small white spot, or mark on the under part of the belly by the milk 
veins, shall not disqualify an animal whose sire and dam form part of an 
established herd of the breed, or answer all other essentials of the ' Standard 
description.' 
" Form. — There shall be no horns, slugs, or abortive horns. 
Points of a Superior Animal. 
" Colour. — A deep red, with udder of same colour, but tip of tail may be 
white. Nose not dark or cloudy. 
" Form. — A neat head and throat, a full eye. A tuft or crest of hair should 
hang over forehead. The frontal bones should begin to contract a little above 
the eye, and terminate in a narrow prominence at summit of head. 
" In all other particulars the commonly accepted points of a superior animal 
are taken as applying to Red Polled Cattle." 
In Young's time, 50 stones seemed to be about the standard 
weight they attained to, but he does not say at what age. It is 
believed that the breed is now of a size capable of attaining to 
greater weights, without any deterioration of quality of flesh 
