Report on the Farm-Prize Competition of 1886. 599 
of blowing sand — on the sand and gravel subsoil of the Glacial 
Drift. 
The heath land, which is largely covered with " blossomed 
furze, unprofitably gay," can only be turned to account as a run 
for sheep. 
The grass-land lies chiefly on the south side of the farm, 
between the patch of good arable above described and a stream 
— a tributary of the River Debben, — and is of second-rate 
quality, only affording pasturage sufficient to grow young 
animals, but not equal to fattening them. The only aid it gets 
is from the cake given occasionally to the cattle running on it. 
The Red Crag, on which a considerable area of the farm rests, 
has been extensively used as a manure in past times ; the size of 
a pit from which it was obtained shows that some thousands of 
tons must have been excavated. Its efficacy as a manure, or 
physical alterative to the sandy soil, is not now believed in, 
and it is seldom used but to form bottoms for farmyard-manure 
heaps, when banked in the fields. 
A bed of coprolites also exists on the farm at a depth of 
30 feet from the surface ; this is dug and sold as an article of 
commerce. 
Buildings and Fences. — The dwelling-house and principal 
farmyards are tolerably centrally situated by the side of a high 
road passing through the farm. Both date from primitive 
times ; but the house, nevertheless, is very commodious and 
comfortable, and is kept in beautiful order under the superin- 
tendence of Miss Wolton, a sister of the tenant — he being a 
bachelor. The farm-buildings are quite equal to the require- 
ments, and are in good repair. 
Gates and fences were certainly not in show form. Allowance, 
however, must be made for the poverty of the soil rendering it, 
at least over the larger part of the farm, a matter of great diffi- 
culty to grow fences at all ; and as Mr. Wolton explained, he 
was obliged to allow those to grow untrimmed where growth is 
possible, in order to get material to fence where it is not — an 
argument which the Judges could not gainsay. 
The gates were in a tenantable state of repair, but several of 
them were unhung, fastening being secured by slipping their ends 
into notches cut in the posts. This practice is by no means 
confined to this farm, and we found it existing on several in 
both counties. It doubtless possesses the merit of economy, 
but at the expense of utility and convenience. 
Purchased Manures, Cake, and Corn. — The artificial manure 
hitherto chiefly used has been rape-cake, the yearly outlay for 
which has averaged 114/, This year Mr. Wolton is trying 
dissolved bones and kainit for his root crops, with what result 
