634 JReport on the Farm-Prize Competition of 1886. 
he rib-rolls, harrows, and hand- and horse-hoes all he can. 
Harvesting costs 12s. per acre, and threshing Is. per coomb. 
Roots and green crops succeed the wheat. Land intended 
for mangolds is ploughed as soon as convenient after harvest, 
and in the course of the winter is drawn into ridges 27 inches 
wide. About the end of March, farmyard-dung is spread 
between the ridges, and 4 cwts. of Fison's artificial manure 
sown above ; the ridges are then split back, and in April, 5 lbs. 
of seed per acre drilled on them. 
The swede land is ploughed after harvest, but cultivated in 
spring ; 4 cwts. of manure per acre are sown over the land, 
which is then ridged up and sown. Another portion of the 
wheat stubble is ploughed directly after harvest, and drilled 
with rye and tares for spring feed for sheep. After the crop 
is fed off, the land is broken up ; and white turnips, cole, or 
mustard is drilled on the flat at 16 inches apart. All the man- 
golds are drawn off, but the greater part of the other crops are 
consumed on the land by sheep. 
Barley and usually a few acres of oats follow the root-crops, 
the tilth for which is got as fine as possible, and the seed drilled 
early at the rate of 9 pecks per acre for barley, and 13 pecks 
for oats. The rib roller is used, and then horse- and hand-hoes, 
and clover-seeds afterwards are sown on about two-thirds of the 
land — the remainder unseeded is followed by peas and beans. 
A portion is seeded with clover and rye-grass mixed, but most 
of it by clover alone. Red clover is sown at the rate of 12 lbs. 
per acre ; white clover, 8 lbs. per acre ; and trefoil, 14 lbs. per acre. 
Half of the red clover is mown for hay, the other half fed off 
by sheep, and then left for seed. Four cwts. per acre of clover- 
seed, ]\Ir. Turner considers, is an average crop with him. He 
mentioned that the droughty summer of 1884 destroyed a field 
of young clover he had sown in the spring ; but immediately the 
corn crop was off he sowed again, with the result of an 'excellent 
piece in 1885, which he fed till June and then seeded. 
The following are abbreviated notes of our last inspection of 
the crops : — 
" Five acres of mangolds, not quite a close crop, wireworm 
being among them, but healthy and like growing : 5 acres of 
swedes, part of mangold field, a close and excellent plant : 11 
acres of barley, after swedes fed on, and mangolds carted off — 
the whole good — the former a big crop : 8 acres of wheat,-after 
red clover fed off and then seeded ; an excellent piece, estimated 
to yield 5 qrs. per acre ; this is the field where the clover was 
sown after harvest : 8 acres of white clover, being folded with 
sheep, good for the season, will be broken up for wheat : ^ 
acres of Canadian oats — seed from Webb's — after clover mown 
