the Farming of the .Duchies of Schleswiy and Holstciii. 333 
jilaces consisting of sand, and elsewhere of sand and clay, or poor clay. Of tlio 
cultivated land, only 20 acres have been pipe-drained, the remainder not re- 
quiring it, as the subsoil is of a sufficiently porous nature to drain the land 
naturally. 
The nature of the soil being rather irregular, and the fields, which have been 
bought from time to time, being differently situated, the farm has been divided 
into three parts, each of which is cropped upon a different shift. 
A. The Upper Farm (Overmarkcu) contains the best soil, and is situated 
nearest to the buildings. All the fields have been marled. The older jiortion of 
the farm was marled in 1859-61 with 125 cartloads per acre, and the land 
bought later on was marled, cither by the previous proprietor, or dunn<: the 
first or second year after its purchase by Mr. Heide. The usual system of bare 
fellow was pursued for three years, but was entirely discontinued in 18G2. 
The greatest inconvenience experienced by giving up the fallow course was the 
difficulty of getting rid of the many large and small stones which existed near 
the surtace under the thin furrow ; and until the subsoil-plough was made use 
of and the stones got away, deep ploughing could not be done. The land was 
infested with weeds, and it was exceedingly difficult to get it clean, especially 
until it could be ploughed deeply and manured sufficiently ; however, the weeds 
were extirijated by degrees, and the land is now as clean as any well-managed 
farm where bare fallow still holds its place in the rotation. This Upper Farm 
consists of 140 acres, and is divided into sixteen fields, each of about 8 or 9 acres. 
Until 1871, the Upjjer Farm was worked in 14 shifts ; but as some land, 
recently bought, has been added to it, it has since been worked in sixteen fields. 
The nature of this alteration will be seen from the following comparative state- 
ment of the rotation pursued before and after the recent addition : — 
Mode of Working the Upper Farm in eacli of the 3 Years, 
1870-71 to 1872-73. 
1870-71. 
1871-72. 
1872-73. 
1. Oats (green). 
1. 
Oats (green). 
1. Oats (green). 
2. Turnips. 
2. 
Turnips. 
2. Turnips. 
3. Barley. 
O. 
Barley. 
3. Barley. 
4. Mixed corn. 
4. 
Mixed corn. 
4. Mixed corn. 
5. Winter-cojn. 
5. 
Winter-eorn. 
?>. Winter-corn. 
G— 8. Clover and grass. 
G-S. 
Clover and grass. 
G, 7. Clover and grass. 
9. Barley (green). 
9. 
Barley (green). 
8. Barley (green). 
10. 
5 Turnips and 
9. Turnips. 
h mixed corn. 
10. Barley. 
10. Mixed corn. 
11. 
\ Barley and ^ 
11. Mixed corn. 
11. Winter -corn. 
Winter-eorn. 
12. Winter-corn, 
12. Oats. 
12. 
O.ats. 
13. Oats. 
13, 14. Clover. 
13, 14. 
Clover. 
14 — 16. Cloverandgrass. 
The yield of the harvest of the Upper Farm in 1872 was : — 
Imperial 
Acres. 
Thraves 
(60 Sheaves). 
Bushels 
per acre. 
Fold. 
Rye 
18 
152 
33i 
12 
26 
226 
42 
\Si 
18 
103 
62 i- 
22J 
Mixed corn 
IG 
1G2 
49f 
18 
