372 Report on the Agriculture of Denmark, with a Note on 
As an example of a well-managed farm consisting principally 
of arable land, I may quote that held by Mr. Johann Kahlke, 
near Heide, in the Ditmarsh. It measures about 380 acres, 
two-thirds of which are under the plough. The rotation on the 
stronger half of the ploughed land is, (1) Beans ; (2) Wheat ; (3) 
Sugar-beet ; (4) Spring Corn (either oats, barley, or spring wheat) ; 
•(5 and 6) Seeds, which are sometimes left a third year. On 
the lighter land the course is, (1) Oats ; (2) Wheat ; (3) Spring 
Corn ; (4, 5, and 6) Grass, which has a bastard fallow previous 
to the oats being again sown. Wheat is sown broadcast about 
the end of September or beginning of October to the amount of 
12 to 14 pecks per acre ; but if it is drilled, 20 per cent, less . 
seed is required. Barley is sown comparatively thin, not more 
than about 10 pecks per acre being used ; the period of barley 
sowing extends from jNIarch until May, the latter month being 
preferred by Mr. Kahlke, as late sowing gives him a better 
opportunity to clean his land. Oats are sown in April, and 
about 5 bushels of seed per acre is usual. Beans are drilled as 
early as possible in February or March at a distance of 1 foot 
apart, the quantity of seed used being from 5 to 6 bushels per 
acre. The yield is reckoned in multiples of the seed, a 
good crop of wheat being 12 times, oats 17 or 18, barley 
20 to 25, and beans 8 to 12 times. One-third of the available 
manure is put on the land after the sugar-beet crop, and the 
remainder is applied (on the land ^where sugar-beet is not 
taken) to the seeds in the spring, before they are broken up 
for beans or oats ; in this way more clover, and consequently 
more corn, is said to be obtained. The mixture sown is 10 lbs. 
of red clover per acre and 2 lbs. of white, and no grasses ; but both 
grasses and white clover grow naturally. Little or no artificial 
manure is used, as the seed-course is believed to be the best 
•dressing the land can have, and Mr. Kahlke's great object is to 
have as much land in clover as possible, provided he can keep 
it good enough. ]\Iuch of his clover-break will fatten small 
beasts without artificial food. For sugar-beet, the wheat stubble 
is ploughed in autumn, and cultivated to the depth of 10 or 12 
inches in spring, afterwards being deeply ploughed with four 
horses, and then harrowed and rolled. The seed is dibbled in 
rows 18 inches apart, and harrowed in ; and when the plants 
appear they are hoed and left in bunches 8 inches apart, being 
afterwards singled and the earth drawn away from the one plant 
left. They are again hoed twice, either by hand or machine, 
preferably by hand, generally in June or July, but all operations 
must be finished by the end of July. As a rule, the roots have 
not been covered with earth at any period, but in 1874 they 
were thus treated for the first time. The land in sugar-beet is 
