414 
Half-a-dozen English Sewage Farms. 
produce of the land beyond the sum which it would yield under 
ordinary management can hardly be estimated at more than 300Z. 
a-year, or not much more than \^d. per head per annum of the 
population concerned ! 
Leamington. 
Let us now take the case of another town, resembling Chelten- 
ham in its reputation as a watering-place, and naturally jealous, 
therefore, for its health and the wholesomeness of its surround- 
ings. Leamington, with a population of 22,000, now delivers its 
sewage by pumping, to a point at a distance of nearly two miles- 
from the town, and 1 30 feet above its outfall, where it commands 
1000 acres of Lord Warwick's land. This it does for an annual 
payment of 450/. a-year, thus getting nearly 4Jf/. a-head per 
annum for the personal waste of its inhabitants ; a sum which, 
though three times as good a result as Cheltenham realises, does 
not, of course, nearly repay the large expenditure which the 
town has incurred in this and previous attempts at dealing with 
its sewage difficulty. Neither, indeed, am I yet able to say that 
the land to which the sewage has been thus applied is not 
over-rented with this charge of 450Z. upon it in addition to 
its ordinary agricultural rent. The works cost, altogether, 
over 24,000/., including 8500/. for works formerly used for the 
lime-process of defaecation, and the " A B C," or Native Guano 
Company's system of precipitation. The annual instalment, 
for the interest on this outlay and the repayment of the principal 
expended in thirty years, amounts to 15(33/. 155. The working- 
expenses last year amounted to more than 1000/., less 450/. re- 
ceived from Lord Warwick for the sewage, leaving a net cost 
of close on 600/. Deducting the proportion chargeable on 
neighbouring townships which contribute, the net annual cost to 
the borough of Leamington for disposing of the sewage oi the 
town, and repaying the cost of the necessary works within a 
period of thirty years, is about 1800/. The land has been 
wholly drained 4 and 5 feet, and from 8 to 15 yards apart, to 
outfalls from which alone is there any effluent water from the 
farm. I have been at these outfalls very often, and have never 
seen anything but bright clear water issuing, so that the agri- 
cultural remedy for the sewage nuisance is here perfectly suc- 
cessful. The sewage is conveyed to every field upon the farm 
by carriers connecting with the principal main on its way to the 
summit level (where a reservoir capable of holding 1,000,000 
gallons has been provided, and has been occasionally used). 
The sewage thus passes either through the several fields, or 
along the upper edge of each, in 9-inch socketed earthenwawe 
