60 
Oil the Drill Husbandry of Turnip '^. 
other ; and if the horses are accustomed to draw too^ether, and are 
of the same speed, thej may thus enable the ploughman to do his 
work in a superior manner, the importance of which will be 
hereafter seen when I speak of the drilling. 
Although in the East Riding it is more common to use waggons 
in laying on farm-yard manure^ I am inclined to think carts, 
when used as described by Mr. Grey in our Journal, answer 
better, because likely to save time, a matter of the utmost im- 
portance. I account for this supposed inferiority of the East 
Riding, as compared with Northumberland, by their now ridging 
so little. Where a certain work is most practised it is probable 
it will be best understood ; and many of the East- Riding farmers 
having almost given up ridging (as I have stated), it is a matter of 
comparatively little importance to them how manure is best put 
on ridges. If the cart method described by Mr. Grey usually 
tends to economize labour, the more tedious one certainly ought 
not to be followed, because it is universally admitted by all good 
farmers, that it is desirable the whole of the operations — from the 
forming of the ridges to the covering of the seed — should be com- 
pleted in as short a space of time as possible. Whether on ridges 
or level, where many turnips are sown, the large drill (or drill for 
general purposes) is used in sowing turnips in the district I have 
named, although in some instances, where no manure is drilled 
with the seed, the small " barrow," or Scotch drill, is used for 
ridges. It has often been stated, that the latter only is applicable 
for ridges, but that is a mistake. Where the ridges are not at 
regular distances, or not straight, of course it would not do to drill 
more than one row at a time, for the obvious reason, that the 
spout of the drill would not always be on the centre of the row. 
But, if the rows are perfectly straight and at the same distance from 
each other, that distance being such as will allow the drill to cross 
two of them, the wheels running exactly in the centre of the 
channel, and one wheel returning on the same place (already 
marked out by itself), whilst the other goes on the outside of two 
more rows, the large drill will be found applicable, and it has the 
advantage of enabling you to drill some manure with the seed. 
However, the small drill, being more under command of the man 
who follows and guides it, is certainly more adapted to putting the 
seed at a proper depth. Whether sown with the large or small 
drill, ridges are usually rolled before and after drilling, to secure 
a fine mould and more uniform depth. In using the small drill, 
only one horse is necessary for the roller and the drill, the horse 
being attached to the former ; the roller covering two rows at once, 
each row is rolled both before and after drilling. 
These preceding operations having been regulated with due 
regard to retain moisture, and to cause a full and rapid growth at 
