On the Drill Ilushcmdnj of Tttrn/ps. 
65 
nips — the rows 19 inches apart — to test my previous opinion that 
I could gel nearly as good rows of turnips at that distance as at a 
greater; the maniu'e per row being equal. Therefore, as it was 
then common to sow 18 bushels of bones per acre where the rows 
of white turnips were 22 inches apart, for my 19-inch rows 1 added 
three bushels of rape-dust, and drilled this mixture of 21 bushels 
per acre, being in proportion to the increased number of rows. 
When about two-thirds of the 19-inch field were sown, 1 found I 
could get no more rape-dust, therefore the remaining part was 
drilled with bones only, at the same rate — 21 bushels per acre. 
Where the rape-dust had been used, the 19-inch rows of turnips 
Avere decidedly better than the 22-inch rows, and so much lietter 
than the part of the same field drilled with bones only, that it was 
quite unnecessary to mark the division. It will be observed that 
the proportion of rape-dust to bones was small^ and 1 do not re- 
commend a larger quantity of rape-dust.* 
IV. — The Distance between the Rows. 
I find it is now more common with some of the best farmers in 
the neighbourhood where 1 lived to have the rows of white tur- 
nips on level at 22 inches asunder, " because they are better to 
clean :" that is, any common ploughman may scuffle them at 22 
inches; whereas it takes a choice workman to do them at 18 
inches, especially if the rows are not quite straight. 1 had for 
several years a servant who was at that time considered the best 
leader of a drill-horse in the county (although 1 have since 
known three or four equal to him), and 1 had therefore little 
difficulty in getting the rows properly scuffled or horse hoed, 
although only 18 inches apart. I considered I could, when the 
* In that part of the East Riding called the North Wolds, an opinion is 
rapidly gaining; fjrcund in favour of applying bones in smaller quantities 
than Ibrnierly, iVom observing that this may be done without any apparent 
injury to the turnip or succeeding crops. As an instance of the evidence 
to this effect, a gentleman used bones I'or several years 07i Itis own hind, at 
the rates of 12, 14, IG, 20, and 24 bushels per acre ; and, durinj the same 
period, on land which he rented, he used only 10 bushels per ncre ; yet he 
could not grow any greater weight of turnips on his own farm than on tlie 
other, where he used the smaller quantity of bone-manvue. — B. Ai.mack. 
This may be accounted for by the fact that bones contain only one or two 
of those constituents that compose the food of plants, and that a much less 
quantity of them than above mentioned would give to the land a sufficient 
quantity of those constituents for the turnip-crop. We may as well expect 
to support all animated nature on one substance, as to expect to anive at 
perfection either in the quantity or quality of our crops by manuring them 
with any material that contains only one or two of those ingredients that 
constitute the food of the vegetable woild. — G. Kimberley. 
VOL. IV. F 
