JOURNAL 
ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY 
OF ENGLAND. 
T. — On Farm-BuUdings. By John Grey. 
There are many steps in the scale of agricultural improvement 
which are accessible to the tenant alone, and which it is his pecu- 
liar and bounden duty to avail himself of ; but there is one, and 
that of primary importance, as regards the means of carrying out 
many others with effect, and on which indeed the successful ma- 
nagement of a farm must in great measure depend — in which the 
landlord's interest is materially concerned, and which it belongs 
to him unquestionably to provide for the tenant — and that is 
suitable and convenient accommodation for the farmer himself, for 
his labourers, and for his cattle. 
No one can have travelled much in the rural districts of 
England, even in those which are comparatively well cultivated, 
without being struck, if he have any sense of neatness and order, 
with the ill-arranged and patch-work appearance of many of the 
farm-buildings, which are often placed, in relation to their dif- 
ferent parts, in utter defiance of the economy of labour in the 
case of the cattle ; and, what is still worse, with little regard to 
the production and preservation of the manure, the dry parts of 
which may be seen exposed to the winds, and the liquid part carried 
off without being applied to any beneficial purpose. In some 
the practice still prevails — the unnatural practice, I must call it — 
of tying up cattle intended to be fattened for the market to stakes, 
from which they are never released till they are driven off to the 
butcher — denied all the time the natural use of their limbs, the 
choice of their position in lying down, and the means of varying 
the atmosphere in which they are confined — a matter in which 
cattle are peculiarly discriminating and sensitive. When, at 
length, set at liberty to perform a weary journey to their place 
VOL. IV. R 
