130 
Observations on the various Insects 
a turnip in halves from the garden, I found a maggot inside quite 
as large as Mr. Scott's. 
The above maggots were similar in form to those of A. Bras- 
sicce, but of a yellowish-ochre colour. The head was armed with 
two black hooks ; and at the extremity of the back was a green 
stripe, from the intestines shining through : the rump was trun- 
cated and furnished with two brown projecting spiracles, and the 
margin surrounded with small teeth, largest below (figs. 35 and 
36). I put them with a turnip-root into a flower-pot, and the 
following April I found four of them in the pupa state, and 
buried deep in the earth : these pupai were also like those of A. 
Brassicce, but of a paler colour, being lurid ochreous. On the 
25th April I bred a male fly, and soon after two females : they 
proved to be a Linna^an species of Musca, the larva; of which will 
devour a great variety of roots, and inhabit dung by thousands in 
the summer, according to Bouche : the fly is called 
12. Anthomyia Radicum, the Root-eating fly. It is similar in 
size and form to A. Brassic<s (figs. 32 and 33) ; but the male 
has an ochreous face, reflecting satiny white ; the stripe on the 
forehead is rusty ; the thorax is black, with three darker stripes ; 
the sides are grey ; scutel blackish ; abdomen slender, linear, 
shining grey, with a broad black dorsal stripe ; the incisures are 
black also: wings, balancers, and legs as in A. Brassicce. 
Female still more like that species ; but there are three fuscous 
stripes on the thorax, and in certain lights a slender dark line 
down the back of the abdomen : length, 21 lines. 
It is remarked by Bouche that the larva of a four-winged fly 
called ALysia Manducator lives in the pupaj of several flies 
allied to those above described : it makes a thin yellow case in- 
side of the pupa, and comes forth in spring and summer, when 
it is not unfrequently seen in and about decayed turnip-roots and 
dead animals, in a state of decomposition. From these observa- 
tions it may be inferred that it is a general parasite of such flies, 
and that those maggots which infest the turnips and cabbages do 
not escape its vigilance. I will therefore add a short description 
of this useful insect. It is Hymknopterous, of the Family 
IciiNEUMONEs ADsciTi ; and is called by Panzei-, 
13. Alysia Manducator, from its gaping teeth or jaws: it is 
black, and very shining ; the tridentate jaws are chestnut ; an- 
tenna? rather long, slender, pubescent, composed of numerous 
joints; postscutel and broad flat base of abdomen rugose, the 
latter oval, with a projecting ovipositor in the female : four wings 
with the stigma and nervures pitchy ; legs bright rust colour ; 
feet dusky : length, \ of an inch ; expanse, J an inch.* 
* Vide Cui'tiss Brit, Ent., lol. and pi. 141 : and Guide, Gen. 558, No. 5. 
