Sanitary Effects of Lund Draining. 
155 
In the reports given from the parish ministers in the statistical 
accounts of Scotland, the effects of drainage upon the general 
health of the population are strongly marked in almost every 
county, expressed in notes made from an examination of the 
returns. Sutherland — parish of Rogart, " healthy, and a good 
deal of draining." Farr, " subject to no particular disease ; a 
deal of draining." Ross and Cromarty — Allness, dry and 
healthy, "climate improved by drainage.'' It is to be understood 
that drainage appears to form the essential part of agricultural 
improvement, which is connected with the improvement of health. 
Thus the notes from another parish in the same county, Kilmuir 
Wester and Suddy, states it as "healthy; great improvement; 
scarcely an acre in its original state." Rosemarkie, "healthy; 
agriculture much improved." Elgin — New Spynie, " healthy, 
much waste reclaimed, much draining." Alves, " dry and 
healthy, well cultivated, wood sometimes used for drains." Banff 
— Deckford, " healthy, and people long lived, much draining." 
Kincardine — Fordoun, " so much draining that now no swamps, 
formerly agues common, now quite unknown." Angus — Car- 
mylie, " health improved from draining.'' Kinross — Kinross, 
" agues prevalent sixty years ago in consequence of marshes, now 
never met with." Oswell, " ague prevailed formerly, but not 
since the land was drained." Perth — Methven, "the north 
much improved by draining." Redgorton, "healthy; no pre- 
vailing disease ; ague was frequent formerly, but not since the 
land has been drained and planted." Moneydie, " healthy ; an 
immense improvement by draining," Abernyte, "since the land 
was drained, scrofula rare and ague unknown." Monzie, 
" healthy ; a good deal of land reclaimed." Auchterarder, 
" much draining, and waste land reclaimed — climate good." 
Muckhart, "great improvement in agriculture; ague formerly 
prevalent — not so now." Muthill, " healthy, much draining and 
cultivation extended." And similar statements are made from 
the rural districts in all parts of the country. 
In the course of inquiries as to what have been the effects of 
land drainage upon health, one frequent piece of information re- 
ceived has been, that the rural population had not observed the 
effects on their own health, but they had marked the effects of 
drainage on the health and improvement of the stock. Thus the 
less frequent losses of stock from epidemics are beginning to be 
perceived as accompanying the benefits of drainage in addition to 
those of increased vegetable production. 
Dr. Edward Harrison, in a paper in which he points out the 
connexion between the rot in sheep and other animals, and some 
important disorders in the human constitution, observes, — 
" The connexion between humidity and the rot is universally admitted 
