17G 
T/iorough-Drain/iig and Snhsoil-Plovghincj. 
Having sfiven you nn account in detail of the crops and state of 
each field, I have some further remarks to make j2:enerally, that 
the subsoil-ploujrhing and other deep ploughing have nearly eradi- 
cated the coltsfoot, sow-thistle, and common thistle; indeed the 
whole of the crops are quite free from weed. The success in the 
increase of produce of every description is very satisfactory ; I beg; 
to mention the clover more particularly, because I was repeatedly 
told the land would not grow clover at the time you took the farm 
into your own occupation ; now the clover has never in any in- 
stance failed, but since the operation of thorough-draining, sub- 
soiling, and deep-ploughing has been carried into effect, the clover 
is more than douljle the produce, and I have no doubt whatever 
of its continuing to be so : the root now growing is exceedingly 
promising. 
I have also to remark that the barley is not only more than 
double in quantity per acre, but its quality much improved ; last 
year and this it is spoken of by the maltsters in the highest terms 
in the working. I think the average of the crop of this year will 
be above what I have stated in the experiment. 
The wheat- crop is also much increased in quantity per acre : 
the average of 1841 is as stated, and the crop of 1842, I have no 
doubt, will turn out well. 
The crops of turnips of 1841 and 1842 have been very regular 
and good, and if the land is now continued to be deep-ploughed 
and well worked, there is no doubt whatever of continued certain 
crops. One very important matter I beg to name ; that is, the 
whole of the land that has undergone the operation of thorough- 
draining, subsoil-ploughing, and deep-ploughing is not only easier 
worked but is done so at a considerably less expense, the whole 
having an even surface without furrow or ditch, no time is lost in 
the ploughing. The great increase of straw is also increasing the 
manure, which will now allow a good portion to be applied to the 
meadows, and such land as is intended to be laid down to per- 
manent pasture. The application of bones has greatly assisted in 
this. I have much satisfaction in stating that there is not the least 
failure in any part of the draining that has been done : the whole 
continues to work well. 
I have the honour to be, sir. 
Your faithful and most obedient humble servant 
Richard Whiti;, 
Prior's Hulion, March, 1843, 
