196 
Statement of Ci ojjpmg m Scotland. 
sliould he tal<en up only in fresh weather, and covered the same day, as 
frost, Avhen they are lying on tlie ground, destroys them. 
Tn feeding cattle, various methods have been tried, but the way gene- 
rally practised is, to feed them in open classes with covered sheds, so that 
they may go out and in at pleasure. Oil-cake and bruised corn are very 
frequently given along with the turnips, which not only fatten the cattle 
more rapidly, but increase the richness of the manure. 
In eating turnips on the ground with sheep, shelter is of great im- 
portance, and when that cannot be obtained by strips of planting, hedges 
or stone dykes, flakes or hurdles wound with straw ropes may be used. 
I believe even in the best situations sheep will fatten faster when fed in 
open sheds, but light land is so mtich improved by the turnips being 
eaten on the ground, that no advantage in the way of feeding will com- 
pensate for it. 
I might have added some remarks about the advantages of drilling 
corn, particularly on land infested with annual weeds, the working of 
turnip and hollow land, laying on of manure, &c. &c., but tliese 
subjects are so well known, that any information I can give would be 
of little importance. 
TnoMAS Balmer. 
Fochabers, Dec. 3lsl, 1842. 
XVII. — Agricultural Tour in Denmark, Sweden, and Russia. 
By James F. W. Johnston, F.R.S. 
Sweden. 
On passing from Denmark into Sweden new conditions of soil 
and climate present themselves^ which render necessary important 
modifications in the agricultural practice. This is especially the 
case if the traveller crosses at once from North Jutland to Go- 
thenburg. He leaves the poor sandy plains above described, 
skirted by a low and sandy coast, and he reaches a shore of naked 
granitic rocks, on which not a blade of grass^ nor even a lichen, 
appears to grow. As he ascends the Gotha^ these rocks begin at 
last to draw back here and there from the river, leaving a fringe 
of low or sloping land, on Vv'hich scattered cabins and partial 
tillage appear ; and when he reaches Gothenburg this fringe 
widens on the left bank into a broad tract of marshy land, on the 
edge of which the city is built. Of such swampy land as this 
there are numerous narrow tracts in Sweden on the shores of its 
rivers and many lakes, and in some parts of the country the only 
bright spots that meet the eye in a long day's ride are the green 
stripes of verdure which girdle in the lakes that are passed. In 
many localities, also, especially in the neighbourhood of the 
larger lakes, these fringes of green and tillable land are connected 
