274 
On Pipe-Tiles. 
1)C seen to this clay ; also the kiln which I built for makino; tiles, ■which 
is now occupied by my nephew, who is making pipe-tiles, with the 
same machine as those made at Horley in Sussex. I then went to 
Penshuist to see the effect of the same kind of tiles ; the previous day 
having been very wet, gave me a favourable opportunity of examining 
them. In a field from 30 to 40 rods across, on a declivity shelving 
towards the road, the drains emptied into an open ditch, I saw twenty- 
three drains made in parallel lines from top to bottom of the field ; the 
water ran in a clear stream about the size of my finger. Mr. Hammond 
(the tenant) informed me that the day before the stream filled about 
half of the tile. Mr. Hammond also told me they were making tiles 
at a kiln about a mile distant ; I went there and saw the same machine, 
the master and his sons at work making the tiles. One kiln of 12,000 
was ready to draw the day following. They purpose making 100,000 
during the summer ; 12,000 are all they can burn in one kiln. From 
the experience I have had in draining, I think tiles of various sizes 
will be required ; for instance, land that is level, or nearly so, requires 
larger tiles than upon a descent ; and again, in a length of 40 rods, a 
larger tile will be required at the hoitom than at the top of the field. 
To accomplish this object I propose making them of four different 
sizes, to suit different opinions, as well as for convenience of burning as 
many as possible in one kiln, by placing one pipe within the other; by 
this means 24,000 may be burned in the space of 12,000, and with the 
same fuel. The above kiln may be seen at Penshurst in Kent, about 
2 miles from the station on the Dover Raihray. 
Any gentleman wishing to see the above works may leave town by 
the Dover Railway, survey the land, see the process of making tiles 
(there being no patent for them), and return to London within 8 hours 
from the time of leavino;. 
The price of the tiles is 21s, per thousand taken from the kiln. 
Yours, &c., 
Reqciifs Circus, Piccadilly, John Read. 
May mil, 1843. 
P.S. — I think the above is the best, cheapest, and most durable 
system of draining I ever saw. 
IX. — Experiment on the Feeding Properties of Swedes and of 
Mangold-Wtirzcl. By C. Hillyard. 
To prove the comparative feeding qualities of mangold- wurzel and 
Swedish turnips, I put into my stalls, on the 4th of January, 1843, six 
three-years old Hereford steers, all of one person's breed, divided as 
equally as possible as to weight, frame, and quality. 
The six beasts were slaughtered by Mr. Giblett, and the carcasses 
shown in his shop on Monday the 1st of May. 
