Oil the Ayvicultiiral Inipruvenieuts uf Linculnskire. 311 
grown. But though many of these moors might easily be brought 
into the state of that Heath, if they were treated with Lin- 
colnshire energy, the treatment would not be precisely the same, 
because most of them are towards the west, and though no 
precise line can be drawn, there is a natural distinction in farm- 
ing between the western and the eastern sides of our island. 
The eastern side may be called the corn side of England, because 
the drying east wind produces on that side grain of finer quality : 
the western is the grass side, because the moist and soft south- 
western brings up grass spontaneously, as in Ireland, upon naked 
land ; whence has arisen the old practice of keeping land for four 
or five years in corn, and alternately for as many in grass. Ano^ 
ther distinction between the two coasts consists in the use of lime, 
an unusual manure towards the south-east, because on that side 
the soils either contain lime or have chalk generally under or near 
them; while the western soils, being usually devoid of it, the 
cartage of lime for periodical dressings becomes one of the 
farmer's principal troubles. In the Exmoor country, a hill farmer 
may set out in the morning, riding one horse, and driving six 
others with panlers (for there are no passable roads) ; after travel- 
ling 18 miles to the seaside and back, he may be seen in the 
eveninsf brinsrins: home 9 bushels of lime, which will dress one 
quarter of an acre. That wild highland tract is also under the 
disadvantage of great elevation, so that harvest is tai-dy ; and 
it may be objected, I know, that, however good the land, the 
climate is a bar to its culture. On Brendon Hill, however, is a 
farm which proves that elevation may be overcome. It stands 
1000 feet above the sea; and has been reclaimed from the sur- 
rounding moor by Mr. Roales, who settled there, among the 
clouds, in 1816, in a house built for him by the late Lord Car- 
narvon. In November, 1841, I went over every field of it, and 
found excellent crops of oats, about 60 bushels per acre ; though 
the average produce of oats grown on the old land in the parish is 
said to be not more than 30. Wheat he certainly could not grow 
at that height : but, on 20 acres of seeds, he had folded 100 lar^e 
sheep, the grass growing in summer as fast as it was fed off ; and 
had sold them, fat, at 1 25. advance per head ; or 3Z. profit per acre. 
Behind his house was a field, in which 1 have myself followed black 
game ; it had been broken up only two years, yet had been brought 
into excellent grass, though the heath had been short, and without 
fern. Mr. Roales first pared and burnt, and next limed it with 60 
bushels an acre. He did not plough it at all, because he had one 
inch of clear soil only, all below being rubble ; but he stirred it a 
foot deep with a scarifier. The ashes of the heath secured him tur- 
nips, which he fed off on the land. Even then he did not take a 
corn crop, but laid down his new enclosure to grass, which was so 
