at the Dcrh) McctUuj, 1843. 
487 
vertical grooves turned in each of the form of a and working 
into each other. I5y reason of the diflcrence in velocity given to 
these rollers a bruising action takes place, and any species of 
grain is reduced to the desired state of fineness, which can be 
regulated by approaching or withdrawing the rollers from each 
otlier. It is an excellent machine. 
Cake Crushers. — A premium of 51. was awarded to Mr. Rich- 
ard Hornsby, of Grantham, for his conical-pointed, case-hard- 
ened, toothed crusher, which had every appearance of being as 
durable as it proved to be effective on trial. 
Chaff- Cutters. — This universally-used implement was pro- 
duced of all dimensions and powers, whether suitable to the pur- 
poses of the smallest stable or the largest farm. A prize of ol. was 
awarded to Mr. James Smith, of Gloucester, for a chaff-cutter of 
medium size, power, and price, which possessed, in tlie opinion 
of the Judges, very good provision against choking in the feed, as 
well as the means of regulating the length of cut to great nicety. 
The same maker also exhibited a combined corn-crusher and 
chaff-cutter, commendable to those who may prefer one machine 
to two separate ones. 
The powerful chaff-cutters exhibited by the Earl of Ducie and 
Messrs. Ransome (both of which had undergone considerable 
improvements since the Bristol meeting) were selected for trial 
at Mr. White's farm. The former was driven by Mr. Dean's 
travelling steam-engine, presumed to be exerting a power of from 
two to three horses, under which circumstances the spiral knife- 
barrel made about 500 revolutions per minute, and cut at the rate 
of about 228 bushels of wheat-straw-chafF per hour. Messrs. Ran- 
some's machine was worked by their horse-engine with two horses, 
the knife-wheel making about 250 revolutions per minute, and 
cutting at the rate of about 112 bushels per hour. No very nice 
judgment can, however, be formed of the expenditure of power 
for the work done when two different agents are employed, as the 
horse and steam; but it was safe to conclude that Lord Ducie's 
imjilement required the least force for equal effect, and was 
capable of sustaining the velocity given to it without derangement 
or danger. The spiral knives are also very readily sharpened 
Avithout removing them from the barrel, and require no fresh 
adjustments, which are no slight recommendations of the imple- 
ment. For these reasons the Society's prize of 10^. was awarded 
to the Earl of Ducie. 
Messrs. Ransome's machine, which had received valuable im- 
provements (patented by Mr. Charles May, one of their firm), by 
which its durability is increased, the feeding improved, and the 
cut rendered cleaner and more effective, merits high commendation 
and confidence in its use as the best plain knife chaft'-cutter yet 
exhibited. 
