Notes on Agricultural Education at Home and Abroad. 41 
III. By Local Research and Demonstration Stations. 
(a) By Laboratories furnishing cheap analyses. 
(/;) By Experimental Plots for agricultural research.^ 
(c) By Experimental Fields arranged for demonstration. 
IV. In special Local Schools. 
(a) In Formes Ecoles, or Farm Apprentice Schools. 
(/>) In Ecoles Pratiques d 'Agriculture, or Practical Schools. 
(c) In certain Ecoles professionnelles. 
V. In State-maintained Agricultural Colleges. 
(a) In the three National Schools of Agriculture. 
(*>) In the three National Schools of Veterinary Science. 
(c) in the National School of Forestry. 
(</) In the National School of Horticulture. 
(e) In the National Shepherds' School. 
VI. In a Central Agricultural University. 
(«) In the Institut National Agronomique at Paris. 
Under the first of these heads any expenditure by the State 
is defrayed from the general Budget of Public Instruction. 
In the second, third, and fourth divisions, the State provides 
for salaries of officers, or a subvention to meet local provision ; 
while in the fifth and sixth divisions the charge falls directly on 
the State. 
In the Budget of 1888-9 the sum of 106,224/. was taken for 
the provision and management of State institutions, and 57,376/. 
for payments and subventions to local officers and institutions. 
I am very much tempted to ouote freely as to the work in 
the primary schools, which, as pointed out in Major Craigie's 
Report, has encountered many difficulties and is still but unequally 
and imperfectly developed in practice ; I feel, however, that it is 
more desirable to note some remarks on the work of the depart- 
mental professors. Major Craigie says that the French farmer 
desires to be taught by the sight of actual results rather than 
by the most eloquent verbal recommendations. In consequence, 
the Government is encouraging the establishment of experi- 
mental plots, not so much as stations for scientific research, as 
fields of illustration of the good results of improved processes, 
seeds, manures, &c. In connection with these fields of demon- 
stration, the number of departmental professors has increased 
from nine in 1875 to 55 in 1878, and 87 in 1888. In addition 
to their duties at the normal schools, and their supervision of 
the agricultural work in the primary schools, they are expected 
to give at least twenty-six local lectures or conferences in each 
year. Much is done by individual landowners and local societies 
in the way of establishing and sustaining these experimental 
fields. 
Major Craigie commences this excellent] Report by saying 
