100 Observations and Experiments on some 'English Pastures. 
yellow oat-grass and foxtail. There was a little clover in the 
pasture. A considerable number of daisies and thistles were 
scattered over the field. The places where the stock had dunged 
and the herbage had been left were composed chiefly of York- 
shire fog, with some dogstail, foxtail, and a plant or two of 
cocksfoot, meadow barley-grass and soft brome-grass. 
The plot was cut in the end of July, and showed the 
following composition on analysis : — 
Per cent. 
Meadow barley-grass, Hordeum 
pratense . . . .31 
Yorkshire fog, Holcus lanatus . 26 
Yellow oat-grass, Avena Jia- 
Rye-grass, Lolium perenne 
Dogstail, Cynosurus cristatus . 
Foxtail, Alopecurus jrratensis . 
Sinooth-stalked meadow-grass, 
Poa pratemis 
Red clover, Trifolium pratense . 
Per cent. 
. 7 
. 5 
. 2 
veseens . . . . .11 Poa pratemis ... 1 
Florin, Agrostis alba . . 8 Red clover, Trifolium pratense . 2 
Tiinothj', P/tleum pratense 
This is not one of the pastures from which Dr. Fream 
received a turf. 
II. Old Grass Pastures. 
5. Aylesbury, Buds. — This is a field of sixty acres, used 
for fattening stock. The soil is a rich loam. I examined it 
on July 1, and estimated that from 35 to 40 per cent, of the 
pasture consisted of white clover, and that the grasses were 
dogstail, rye-grass, rough-stalked meadow-grass, meadow barley- 
grass, and a little foxtail. A considerable quantity of buttercup 
was scattered over the field. The whole was closely eaten 
down, only here and there some of the dogstail had run to 
seed. In a lower, damper, and richer part of the field there 
were patches of luxuriant cocksfoot, dogstail, meadow barley- 
grass, and rye-grass, with some plants of buttercup which had 
run to seed. The portion enclosed was on the higher part of 
the field, and fairly represented the general pasture. The plot 
was cut on July 26, and was found to consist of the following 
plants : — 
The enclosed plot | The turf 
Dogstail, Cj/noiurus cristatus 
Rye-gross, Lolium perenne 
Meadow barley-grass, Hordeum pratense 
Rough-stalked meadow-grass, J'oa trivialis 
Ben1 grass, Agrostis vulgaris 
Timothy, rhleum pratense 
White clover, Trifolium repent 
Buttercup, Ranunculus acris . 
Analysis 
Analysis of the 
of all the 
gramineous 
herbage 
herbage 
Dr. Fream 
. 30 
43 
2 1 
. 30 
43 
So 
. 7 
10 
. 1 
2 
1 
2 
3 
IS 
.' 30 
1 
With Alopecurus pratemis, Holcus lanatus, and Poa trivialis. 
