Obser rations and Experiments on some English Pastures. 103 
white clover, though the proportion was obviously much smaller 
in the plot. There were a good many buttercups scattered over 
the field. 
The plot was cut on August 5, and the analysis showed that 
it consisted of the following plants : — 
Per cent. 
Rye-grass, Lolium perenne . 31 
Meadow barley-grass, Hordeum 
prate use 31 
Rogstail, Cynosurus cristatus . 14 
Yellow oat-grass, Avena Jtci- 
vesceas > 0 
Fiorin, Agrostis alba . . . • 5 
Pel cent. 
2 
Timothy, Phleian pratense . 
Yorkshire fog, Sulcus lanatus . 1 
Cocksfoot, Dactylis glomerata . 
Rough-stalked meadow-grass, 
Poa trivialis 
White clover, Trifolium repens . 4 
Buttercup, Ranunculus acrus . 5 
Dr. Fream did not have a turf from this field. 
9. Wiveliscombe, Somerset : Mr. W. Hancock. — I inspected 
this pasture on July 18. Mr. Hancock took me over the field, 
and several other pastures on his farm. The soil of the field 
in which the plot was enclosed was a red, clayey loam. The 
field had a southern aspect. Mr. Hancock had observed that 
fields on his farm with a northern aspect yielded much less food 
than those with a southern aspect. The predominant grass in 
the field was fiorin ; then followed rye-grass and Yorkshire fog, 
with much smaller quantities of rough-stalked meadow-grass, 
sweet vernal, dogstail, and cocksfoot. There was a little white 
clover, and some ribgrass. The pasture fattened bullocks, but 
they had to be finished in the stalls. 
The plot was cut in the end of July, and the analysis showed 
the following results : — - 
The enclose.! plot I The turf 
Analysis 
Analysis of the 
of all'the 
gramineous 
herbage 
herbage 
! ~~Dr. 
Fream 
. 49 
52 
IO 
, 17 
18 
82 
l i 
15 
5 
4 
4 
9 
1 
ft 
3 
1 
U 
Fiorin, Agrostis alba . . . . 
Rye-grass, Lolium perenne . ■ . 
Yorkshire fog, Holcus lanatus . . 
Cocksfoot, Dactylis glomerata , . 
Dogstail, Cynosurus cristaius 
Rough-stalked meadow-grass, Poa trivialis 
Sweet vernal, Anthoxanthum odoratum 
White clover, Trifolium repens , , 
Red clover, Trifolium pratense , . 
Ribgrass, Plantago lanceolata . . 
Yarrow, Achillea Millefolium , , 
Hawkbit, Leontodon hispidus . , 
Mouse-ear chickweed, Cerastiam triviale 
Dr. Fream found that the miscellaneous herbage composed 
29 per cent, of the plants on his turf, and was almost entirely 
made up of Leontodon sp. 
