106 Observations and Experiments on some English Pastures. 
There was some white clover and a few thistles scattered over 
the field. The hay had been cut five weeks previous to my 
visit, and a flock of sheep had been in the field for three days. 
They had everywhere cropped the cocksfoot, and where it was 
mixed with the yarrow the ground was very bare. Mr. Morris 
informed me that they fattened cattle for the butcher on this 
field, without any additional food. The herbage, he believed, 
was the natural growth of the land. No renovating seed had 
been sown, and the only manure applied to it was the droppings 
of the cattle which had been grazing on it. 
The grass was cut on August 7, and showed the following 
results when analysed : — 
The enclosed plot | The turf 
Cocksfoot, Dactylic glomerata 
Fiorin, Agrostis alba 
Eye-grass, Lolium perenne . 
Yorkshire fog, Holcus la)iatus 
Dogstail, Cynosurus cristatus 
Sheep's fescue, Festuea ovina 
AYhite clover, Tri folium repens 
Yarrow, Achillea Millefolium 
Analysis 
Analysis of the 
of allthe 
gramineous 
herbage 
herbage 
Dr. Fream 
. 56 
70 
. 8 
10 
. 6 
8 
90 
. 6 
8 
. 3 
4 
2 1 
! i 
8 
. 20 
Dr. Fream found the turf from this pasture to consist of 
11 per cent, of grasses, of which rye-grass formed 90 per cent., 
and no trace of cocksfoot was found ; while the miscellaneous 
herbage formed 89 per cent, of the pasture, and was practically 
nothing but varrow. 
III. Small Home Fields. 
13. Asliburton, Devon: Mr. Eobert Tucker. — I visited this 
pasture on July 19. It is a small field of about two acres by 
the side of Mr. Tucker's house, near the town of Ashburton. 
It is used for pasturing two cows. The principal grasses were 
rye-grass and timothy ; there was some rough-stalked meadow- 
grass and fiorin. and a little Yorkshire fog. There was a little 
white clover, and less red clover. The miscellaneous herbage 
consisted of yarrow, ribgrass, buttercup, dandelion, and mouse- 
ear chick weed. 
The plot was cut on July 27, and the analysis showed it to 
be composed of the following plants : — 
With Antlto.rant/tum odoratum, Poa trivioHl, and Avena fiavescens. 
