368 
Tlie Herbage of Pastures. 
Both Agrostis vulgaris and A. stolonifera were present. 
My thanks are due to Professor W. J. Maiden for turfs 20, 30, 31, 32. 
No. 33. — A turf sent hy Mr. Richard Stratton, The DufTryn, Newport, 
Monmouthshire, who writes that it is " from a very excellent piece of land 
that has heen grazed every year, I should think, from time immemorial. The 
soil is red loam resting on gravel." The turf was dug nine inches deep, and 
the soil had the appearance of a reddish, sticky loam ; there was no sign of 
root-fihres on the deeper face. During growth, the heritage was noted to be 
of a rich grassy nature, and Agrostis stolonifera crept out to some extent 
around the sides. The proximate analysis gave : — 
Gramineous herbage, 92 | Leguminous, 3 | Miscellaneous, 5. 
The leguminous herbage was exclusively Trifolium repens. The miscel- 
laneous herbage was mostly Ranunculus repens and Ranunculus acris, with 
a little Cerastium triviale. The separation of the gramiueous herbage 
yielded: — 
Lolium perenne 61 Poa trivialis 2 
Agroslis stolonifera .... 23 Phleum pratense .... a trace 
Cynosurus cristatus .... 8 Undetermined 6 
No. 34. — A turf sent by Mr. W. A. Watson-Armstrong, Cragside, 
Rothbury, Northumberland. It was dug from an old pasture called the 
" Blacklands,"' on Lord Armstrong's estate, and there is no record of its ever 
having been ploughed up. The turf was nine inches deep, and the soil had 
the appearance of a brownish, friable loam, whilst there was no trace of roots 
on the under surface. The herbage, cut on July 19, gave on separation : — 
Gramineous herbage, 87 | Leguminous, a trace | Miscellaneous, 13. 
The leguminous herbage was made up exclusively of Trifolium repens ; 
whilst the miscellaneous herbage comprised Achillea Millefolium, Ranun- 
culus repens, Leontodon hispidus, and Cerastium triviale. The separation 
of the gramineous herbage yielded : — 
Holcus lanatus 29 1 Phleum pratense 3 
Lolium perenne 26 Cynosurus cristatus .... 4 
Agrostis sp 10 Dactylis glomerata 2 
Poa annua 7 Avena elatior 2 
Poatrivialis 6 | Undetermined . . . ». . 11 
The Agrostis cone : sted largely of A. vulgaris. 
No. 35. — A turf sent by Mr. T. Horrocks Miller, Singleton Park, 
Poulton-le-Fylde, Lancashire. It was dug from a pasture that has been 
down for thirty-five years, and has never been mown during that period, 
havinf been grazed throughout the whole time by milking-stock. The turf 
was cut nine inches deep, and the soil had the appearance of a very uniform 
reddish-brown, sandy loam, there being no trace of rootlets on the lower 
face. The turf yielded, on July 13 :— 
Gramineous herbage, 89 | Leguminous, 9 | Miscellaneous, 2. 
The leguminous herbage consisted exclusively of Trifolium repens ; 
whilst the small proportion of miscellaneous herbage was made up of Ranun- 
culus acris, Cerastium triviale, and traces of Bellis perennis and Sonchus. 
The gramineous herbage gave on separation : — 
