The Cultivation of Svgar-Bect. 
447 
last year, in Germany and Western Europe, as calculated from Mr. 
Licht's figures, may be put at 9,548 lb. per acre. 
Mr. JOHN ALGERNON CLARKE'S TABLE. 
£ t. d. 
Rent, tithe, taxes, and other common charges .300 
Clearing and forking wheat stubble . . .016 
Carting 10 loads farmyard manure, 5s. 6d. ; 
spreading, Is. 6d 0 7 0 
Ploughing 10 in. deep and subsoiling 6 in. more .12 0 
Cultivating in spring, 2s. 6d.; harrowing, and roll- 
ing, 5s 0 7 6 
7 cwt. superphosphate, 21. 2s. ; preparing and sow- 
ing, 3* 2 5 0 
Seed (12 lb.) 0 7 6 
Drilling and crushing or rolling, 2s. ; hoeing and 
singling, 15s. . . . . . . 0 17 0 
Taking up, topping, and putting in heaps , .0160 
Carting, graving, and earthing down . . .0110 
9 17 6 
Add : — Delivery to factory 20 tons 2i miles, at 6d. 
per ton per mile for haulage, and 3d. per ton for 
working 1100 
11 7 6 
Supposed value of 10 loads fresh farmyard manure 
(say is.) 2 0 0 
£13 7 6 
The feeding value of the refuse fibre or pulp-of the root from which 
the juice has beenremoved is well known. This pulp is of the greatest 
importance to farmers who grow the root for manufacturers, for, 
just as oilcake is a valuable bye-product of seed-crushing, so there is 
not a better food for cattle than the beetroot pulp, which has from 
10 to 12 per cent, of solids, which is as much as mangel generally 
possesses. The carts taking roots to the factory would carry pulp 
back. It is usually mixed with hay, chaff, oilcake, and maize. 
The importance of cultivating sugar-beet as a source of sugar is 
fully recognised in the United States, where beet-cultivation is re- 
ceiving increasing attention. Within the present year several of the 
State agricultural experiment stations have issued bulletins report- 
ing progress in connection with the new industry. Last year's trials 
in Iowa were not encouraging in their results — a circumstance at- 
tributed to the inferior quality of the seed furnished by American 
seedsmen ; the trials are being repeated this season with the best 
seed obtainable in Germany. Sugar-beets of good quality have been 
raised in Mercer County, Illinois. At the beet-sugar factory owned 
by Mr. Claus Spreckels and others, at Watsonville, California, the 
industry appears to be an established success. In Colorado the 
following precise instructions have been issued from the experiment 
station : — 1. Prepare a deep and well-pulverised seed-bed. 2. Sow 
in drills about 18 to 20 inches apart, so as to admit of horse-culture 
between the rows, using from 7 lb. to 8 lb. of good seed per acre. 
